March 2025

Mechanical Ventilation

Inconsistent Methods Used to Set Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in ARDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis

Abstract Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is a protective mechanical ventilation mode for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that theoretically may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and ARDS-related mortality. However, there is no standard method to set and adjust the APRV mode shown to be optimal. Therefore, we performed a meta-regression analysis to […]

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Inconsistent Methods Used to Set Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in ARDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis Read Post »

Pulmonary

ARDS Subphenotypes Exhibit Different Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling Profiles

Summary of “ARDS Subphenotypes Exhibit Different Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling Profiles” Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous condition with distinct subphenotypes that exhibit different responses to interventions. Right ventricular-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling, a key determinant of cardiopulmonary interactions in ARDS, has not been well studied across subphenotypes. This study analyzed RV-PA coupling

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ARDS Subphenotypes Exhibit Different Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling Profiles Read Post »

Mechanical Ventilation

Ventilation practices in acute brain injured patients and association with outcomes: the VENTIBRAIN multicenter observational study

Summary of “Ventilation Practices in Acute Brain Injured Patients and Association with Outcomes: The VENTIBRAIN Multicenter Observational Study” Abstract The optimal ventilation strategies for patients with acute brain injury (ABI) remain uncertain, given the potential conflicts between lung-protective ventilation and the need to maintain cerebral perfusion. This international, multicenter observational study analyzed ventilatory settings in

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Ventilation practices in acute brain injured patients and association with outcomes: the VENTIBRAIN multicenter observational study Read Post »

Respiratory

Advancements in imaging techniques for monitoring the respiratory muscles

Summary of “Advancements in Imaging Techniques for Monitoring the Respiratory Muscles” Abstract Respiratory muscle dysfunction is a significant issue in critically ill patients, affecting weaning from mechanical ventilation and overall outcomes. This review explores emerging imaging techniques for assessing respiratory muscles, including ultrasound-based methods such as speckle tracking, tissue Doppler imaging, and shear wave elastography.

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Advancements in imaging techniques for monitoring the respiratory muscles Read Post »

Miscellaneous

Invasive fungal infections in patients with liver disease: immunological and clinical considerations for the intensive care unit

Abstract Patients with liver disease in the intensive care unit (ICU) face a unique susceptibility to infection due to the complex immune dysfunction resulting from hepatic failure. Bacterial infections are commonly present in these patients upon arrival to the hospital, often being the primary reason for ICU admission. In contrast, invasive fungal infections (IFIs) afflict

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Invasive fungal infections in patients with liver disease: immunological and clinical considerations for the intensive care unit Read Post »

Mechanical Ventilation

Double cycling with breath-stacking during partial support ventilation in ARDS: Just a feature of natural variability?

Abstract Background Double cycling with breath-stacking (DC/BS) during controlled mechanical ventilation is considered potentially injurious, reflecting a high respiratory drive. During partial ventilatory support, its occurrence might be attributable to physiological variability of breathing patterns, reflecting the response of the mode without carrying specific risks. Methods This secondary analysis of a crossover study evaluated DC/BS

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Double cycling with breath-stacking during partial support ventilation in ARDS: Just a feature of natural variability? Read Post »

Circulatory

Recent Advances and Future Directions in Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal

Summary of “Recent Advances and Future Directions in Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal” Abstract Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO₂R) is an emerging technique designed to facilitate lung-protective ventilation and reduce the work of breathing by removing CO₂ from venous blood. Operating at lower blood flows than extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), ECCO₂R reduces procedural invasiveness but remains

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Recent Advances and Future Directions in Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal Read Post »

Miscellaneous

Physiology and pathophysiology of mucus and mucolytic use in critically ill patients

Abstract Airway mucus is a highly specialised secretory fluid which functions as a physical and immunological barrier to pathogens whilst lubricating the airways and humifying atmospheric air. Dysfunction is common during critical illness and is characterised by changes in production rate, chemical composition, physical properties, and inflammatory phenotype. Mucociliary clearance, which is determined in part

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Physiology and pathophysiology of mucus and mucolytic use in critically ill patients Read Post »

Respiratory

Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients: a narrative review

Abstract Background and Objective: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe, life-threatening medical condition characterized by poor oxygenation due to non-compliant lungs secondary diffuse alveolar damage. Encouragingly, the incidence of ARDS has declined steadily recently, attributed mainly to implementation of keystone guidelines and continuous research efforts. Mechanical ventilation is the cornerstone of supportive care for

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Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients: a narrative review Read Post »

Mechanical Ventilation, Respiratory

Beyond the Lungs: Extrapulmonary Effects of Non-Invasive and Invasive Ventilation Strategies

Abstract Background/Objectives: Non-invasive respiratory support and invasive mechanical ventilation are critical interventions that can induce significant changes not only in the lungs but also in extra-pulmonary organs, which are often overlooked. Understanding the extra-pulmonary effects of non-invasive respiratory support and invasive mechanical ventilation is crucial since it can help prevent or mitigate complications and improve

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Beyond the Lungs: Extrapulmonary Effects of Non-Invasive and Invasive Ventilation Strategies Read Post »

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