January 2025

Respiratory

The Management of Interstitial Lung Disease in the ICU: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract Interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a diverse group of parenchymal lung diseases characterized by varying degrees of inflammation and/or fibrosis. Patients with ILD frequently require hospitalization, with many needing intensive care unit (ICU) admission, most often due to respiratory failure. The diagnosis and management of ILD in the ICU present unique challenges. Diagnosis primarily […]

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Respiratory

Inhaled antibiotics for treating pneumonia in invasively ventilated patients in intensive care unit: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials with trial sequential analysis

Abstract Background The use of inhaled antibiotics for treating pneumonia in invasively ventilated patients offers a direct approach, allowing for high local concentrations of the drug in the lower respiratory tract while simultaneously reducing systemic toxicity. However, the real efficacy and safety of nebulized antibiotics remain unclear. The aim of the present is to assess

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Inhaled antibiotics for treating pneumonia in invasively ventilated patients in intensive care unit: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials with trial sequential analysis Read Post »

Pharmacological Insights in Critical Care

Urgent Reversal of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Critical and Life-Threatening Bleeding: A Multidisciplinary Expert Consensus

Abstract Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly being used due to their improved efficacy/safety ratio and lower clinical and economic burden when compared to vitamin K antagonists. However, bleeding is still the most frequent complication associated with DOACs, and although rare, bleeding episodes can be life-threatening or critical. The impact of DOAC anticoagulation activity during

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Urgent Reversal of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Critical and Life-Threatening Bleeding: A Multidisciplinary Expert Consensus Read Post »

Mechanical Ventilation

What every paediatrician needs to know about mechanical ventilation

Abstract Invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) is one of the most practiced interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is unmistakably lifesaving for children with acute respiratory failure (ARF). However, if delivered inappropriately (i.e. ignoring the respiratory system mechanics and not targeted to the need of the individual patient at a specific time point in

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Miscellaneous

Use of Antimicrobials for Bloodstream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit, a Clinically Oriented Review

Abstract Bloodstream infections (BSIs) in critically ill patients are associated with significant mortality. For patients with septic shock, antibiotics should be administered within the hour. Probabilistic treatment should be targeted to the most likely pathogens, considering the source and risk factors for bacterial resistance including local epidemiology. Source control is a critical component of the

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Use of Antimicrobials for Bloodstream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit, a Clinically Oriented Review Read Post »

Neurology

The Pupillary Light-Off Reflex in Acute Disorders of Consciousness

Abstract Background In intensive care patients with disorders of consciousness, the pupillary light reflex is a measure of pupillary parasympathetic function. By contrast, the pupillary light-off reflex leads to pupil dilation in response to an abrupt change from light to darkness (“light-off”) and reflects combined parasympathetic and sympathetic pupillary function. To our knowledge, this reflex

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Miscellaneous, Respiratory

Development of a predictive nomogram for early identification of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background Hospitalized patients often present with complex clinical conditions, but there is a lack of effective tools to assess their risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, our study aimed to develop a nomogram model for better predicting PE in hospitalized populations. Methods Data from hospitalized patients (aged ≥ 15 years) who underwent computed tomography pulmonary angiography

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Development of a predictive nomogram for early identification of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients: a retrospective cohort study Read Post »

Respiratory

Unlocking the power of biomarkers: transforming the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a significant challenge due to its heterogeneity and lack of targeted therapies. Recent advances in biomarkers offer promise in refining diagnosis, assessing severity, and personalizing treatment strategies. This article explores the evolving role of biomarkers in ARDS, highlighting their potential to enhance clinical precision, differentiate subphenotypes, and guide

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Renal

The Prognostic Role of RDW in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients with and Without Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) are interrelated conditions that exacerbate each other through mechanisms like fluid retention, neurohormonal activation, and inflammation. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of red blood cell size variability, has emerged as a potential prognostic marker in HF. This study aimed to assess the prognostic

The Prognostic Role of RDW in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients with and Without Chronic Kidney Disease Read Post »

Respiratory

Effect of emodin on acute lung injury: a meta-analysis of preclinical trials

Abstract Background Emodin has protective effects on acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This meta-analysis intended to illustrate the efficacy of emodin on ALI/ARDS animal models. Methods Relevant preclinical studies were searched on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were used to

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Effect of emodin on acute lung injury: a meta-analysis of preclinical trials Read Post »

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