Pulmonary

Pulmonary

Pulmonary shunt in critical care: a practical approach with clinical scenarios

Abstract: Raimondi Cominesi et al. deliver an extensive review on pulmonary shunt, a critical physiological phenomenon where venous blood bypasses alveolar gas exchange, leading to impaired oxygenation. The authors provide practical methods to assess and calculate pulmonary shunt in various critical care scenarios, highlighting its clinical importance, especially in complex conditions such as acute respiratory […]

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Pulmonary

Respiratory management of critically ill pneumocystis pneumonia patients: a multicenter retrospective study

🫁 Respiratory Management of Critically Ill Pneumocystis Pneumonia Patients Reizine F, Stiegler V, Lécuyer R, Tessoulin B, Gallais M, Camou F, Morio F, Cady A, Gabriel F, Canet E, Raffi F, Boutoille D, Issa N, Gaborit B, and the PRONOCYSTIS Study Group. Ann Intensive Care. 2025;15:114. doi:10.1186/s13613-025-01503-6 Abstract: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PjP) is an emerging

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Pulmonary

Hyperoxia and acute brain injury

🧠 Hyperoxia in Acute Brain Injury: Friend or Foe? Abstract: This commentary responds to Romero-García et al.’s meta-analysis linking arterial hyperoxemia (PaO₂ elevation) to worse neurological outcomes in acute brain injury (ABI). The authors argue that equating hyperoxemia with cellular hyperoxia and oxidative injury is an oversimplification. Physiological evidence shows that oxygen transport is constrained

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Pulmonary

First real-time imaging of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction by electrical impedance tomography

Summary: “First real-time imaging of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction by electrical impedance tomography” Abstract Summary: This study investigated the real-time effects of inspired oxygen fraction (FIO₂) on regional lung volumes and ventilation/perfusion during bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) using endobronchial valves (EBVs), utilizing electrical impedance tomography (EIT). The findings demonstrate that higher FIO₂ significantly accelerates

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Pulmonary

Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: The Unseen Challenge in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Management

Summary of “Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: The Unseen Challenge in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Management” (Merola et al.) Abstract Summary: Merola et al. comprehensively review ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) within acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) management, underscoring the complex interplay of pathophysiological mechanisms. The authors discuss traditional and emerging concepts such as volutrauma, barotrauma, atelectrauma, biotrauma,

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Pulmonary

How to approach a patient hospitalized for pneumonia who is not responding to treatment?

Summary of “How to Approach a Patient Hospitalized for Pneumonia Who is Not Responding to Treatment?” (Povoa et al.) Abstract Summary: Povoa et al. provide a structured approach for clinicians managing patients hospitalized for pneumonia who do not respond adequately to initial antibiotic therapy. Non-response, defined as persistent or worsening clinical signs after 48-72 hours,

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Pulmonary

Deep insight into cytokine storm: from pathogenesis to treatment

Summary of Deep Insight into Cytokine Storm: From Pathogenesis to Treatment (Nie et al.) Abstract Summary: Nie et al. provide a comprehensive review on cytokine storm (CS), a severe systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by excessive immune cell activation and elevated cytokine levels. This paper highlights key signaling pathways involved, associated immune cells, targeted organ damage,

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Cardiovascular, Pulmonary

Right Ventricular Function in ARDS: Impact on Outcome, Respiratory Strategy and Use of VV-ECMO

Summary of Right Ventricular Function in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Impact on Outcome, Respiratory Strategy and Use of Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Abstract Summary: Petit et al. explore the pathophysiology of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), emphasizing its significant impact on patient outcomes. The authors propose an RV-protective management strategy

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Pulmonary

Incidence and risk factors of weaning-induced pulmonary oedema: results from a multicentre, observational study

Summary of “Incidence and risk factors of weaning-induced pulmonary oedema: results from a multicentre, observational study” Abstract This multicenter observational study evaluated the incidence and risk factors of weaning-induced pulmonary oedema (WIPO) in critically ill patients during spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs). Conducted across 13 ICUs in France, Italy, and India, the study revealed that WIPO

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Pulmonary

Advances in acute respiratory distress syndrome: focusing on heterogeneity, pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategies

Summary of “Advances in acute respiratory distress syndrome: focusing on heterogeneity, pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategies” Abstract This review addresses the growing complexity and heterogeneity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), emphasizing its diverse pathophysiology, evolving clinical presentations, and variable treatment responses. Despite decades of study, ARDS remains a major cause of ICU mortality. The article

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