Miscellaneous

Use of Antimicrobials for Bloodstream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit, a Clinically Oriented Review

Abstract Bloodstream infections (BSIs) in critically ill patients are associated with significant mortality. For patients with septic shock, antibiotics should be administered within the hour. Probabilistic treatment should be targeted to the most likely pathogens, considering the source and risk factors for bacterial resistance including local epidemiology. Source control is a critical component of the […]

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Neurology

The Pupillary Light-Off Reflex in Acute Disorders of Consciousness

Abstract Background In intensive care patients with disorders of consciousness, the pupillary light reflex is a measure of pupillary parasympathetic function. By contrast, the pupillary light-off reflex leads to pupil dilation in response to an abrupt change from light to darkness (“light-off”) and reflects combined parasympathetic and sympathetic pupillary function. To our knowledge, this reflex

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Miscellaneous, Respiratory

Development of a predictive nomogram for early identification of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background Hospitalized patients often present with complex clinical conditions, but there is a lack of effective tools to assess their risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, our study aimed to develop a nomogram model for better predicting PE in hospitalized populations. Methods Data from hospitalized patients (aged ≥ 15 years) who underwent computed tomography pulmonary angiography

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Development of a predictive nomogram for early identification of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients: a retrospective cohort study Read Post »

Respiratory

Unlocking the power of biomarkers: transforming the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a significant challenge due to its heterogeneity and lack of targeted therapies. Recent advances in biomarkers offer promise in refining diagnosis, assessing severity, and personalizing treatment strategies. This article explores the evolving role of biomarkers in ARDS, highlighting their potential to enhance clinical precision, differentiate subphenotypes, and guide

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Renal

The Prognostic Role of RDW in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients with and Without Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) are interrelated conditions that exacerbate each other through mechanisms like fluid retention, neurohormonal activation, and inflammation. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of red blood cell size variability, has emerged as a potential prognostic marker in HF. This study aimed to assess the prognostic

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Respiratory

Effect of emodin on acute lung injury: a meta-analysis of preclinical trials

Abstract Background Emodin has protective effects on acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This meta-analysis intended to illustrate the efficacy of emodin on ALI/ARDS animal models. Methods Relevant preclinical studies were searched on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were used to

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Sepsis

Mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives

Abstract Sepsis is a severe medical condition characterized by a systemic inflammatory response, often culminating in multiple organ dysfunction and high mortality rates. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the pivotal role played by mitochondrial damage in driving the progression of sepsis. Various factors contribute to mitochondrial impairment during sepsis, encompassing

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Respiratory

Apnea Testing on Conventional Mechanical Ventilation During Brain Death Evaluation

Abstract Introduction The use of continuous positive airway pressure has been shown to improve the tolerance of the apnea test, a critical component of brain death evaluation. The ability to deactivate the apnea backup setting has made apnea testing possible using several conventional mechanical ventilators. Our goal was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of

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Respiratory

Long-acting Muscarinic Antagonists and Their Role in Children with Recurrent Wheezing or Asthma: An Updated Review

Abstract Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are a class of bronchodilators that work by blocking the muscarinic receptors in the airway smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation and reduced mucus secretion. They are primarily used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but their use in asthma, including in pediatric patients, has been increasing, especially in

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Respiratory

Challenges in Transitioning from Controlled to Assisted Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Management

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) presents significant challenges in critical care, primarily due to its inflammatory nature, which leads to impaired gas exchange and respiratory mechanics. While mechanical ventilation (MV) is essential for patient support, the transition from controlled to assisted ventilation is complex and may be associated with intensive care unit-acquired weakness, ventilator-induced

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