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Changes in hemodynamics, cardiac energetics, and cell signaling pathways induced by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with or without left ventricular…

Abstract Background Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a commonly used in refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) but may exacerbate left ventricular (LV) loading conditions and impair cardiac energetics. Adjunctive LV..

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a rescue measure for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock: A retrospective observational analysis

Abstract Background Nearly 500,000 open-heart operations are performed annually in the United States, with complications such as postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS) occurring in 2–9% of cases. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)..

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Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Utilization of Mechanical Circulatory Support Device in STEMI With Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract Background Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe complication of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with high mortality despite advancements in treatment. Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices, such as extracorporeal membrane..

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Lactate in cardiogenic shock: pathophysiology, prognostic value, and clinical interpretation

Abstract In cardiogenic shock (CS), blood lactate concentration is routinely used to assess shock severity and guide clinical decisions. However, lactate interpretation is often oversimplified, leading to confusion between disease..

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Impact of concomitant intra-aortic balloon pump support on outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock undergoing percutaneous coronary…

Abstract Background Acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) remains associated with extremely high mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction despite timely revascularization and advances in mechanical circulatory support (MCS)...

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oXiris in severe cardiogenic shock with endotoxemia: interpreting the negative findings of the CLEAN-ECMO trial

Abstract The recent article by Ko et al., entitled “The effects of extracorporeal blood purification (oXiris®) in patients with cardiogenic shock who require VA-ECMO (CLEAN ECMO): a prospective, open-label, randomized..

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Guiding complexity in V-A ECMO weaning decisions for cardiogenic shock: Insights from a conjoint analysis

Abstract Weaning and liberation from V-A ECMO for cardiogenic shock involves complex decision-making that requires balancing multiple clinical parameters. In the absence of specific weaning guidelines, ECMO centers rely on..

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Design and rationale of the Impella®-protected cardiac surgery trial (IMPACT): A multicenter, single-arm pilot study in high-risk cardiac surgery patients

Abstract Background Cardiac surgery patients with severe preoperative left ventricular (LV) dysfunction are at high risk for poor postoperative outcomes including prolonged ventilation, renal failure and post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS)...

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Heterogeneity of Treatment Effect for Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Use Across Lactate Trajectories in Cardiogenic Shock Patients Supported by VA-ECMO: An…

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of treatment effect for intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) across various lactate trajectories in patients with acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock (AMICS) supported..

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Post-Decannulation Mortality in Patients on Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract This retrospective single-center study evaluated adults with cardiogenic shock supported with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) from 2011 to 2023 to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality among those..

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Novel insights into microcirculatory dysfunction in cardiogenic shock

Abstract While cardiogenic shock (CS) is classically defined by primary cardiac dysfunction leading to impaired macrocirculatory variables—such as hypotension, reduced cardiac output (CO), and diminished left ventricular ejection fraction—growing evidence..

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Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy for Non-invasive Monitoring of Peripheral Perfusion During Cardiogenic Shock and VA-ECMO Support: An Experimental Study

Abstract Introduction:  In cardiogenic shock (CS), persistent microcirculatory impairment despite improved macrocirculatory parameters is associated with poor outcomes. Therapeutic strategies must therefore address both macro- and micro-circulation. Conventional microcirculatory measures..

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Hospital Costs Associated With Mechanical Left Ventricular Unloading Devices During VA ECMO for Adult Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract Importance To date, no studies have described the financial burden and behaviors of left ventricular mechanical unloading (LVMU) for patients on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO). Given the..

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Acid–Base Status During Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator Support in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract Background The prognostic significance of an adverse acid–base milieu despite venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in patients with cardiogenic shock remains poorly defined. We examined metabolic and respiratory disturbances..

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Generalizability of Landmark Temporary MCS Device Trials: Insights From the CSWG Registry

Abstract Background Landmark randomized controlled trials like DanGer Shock, IABP-SHOCK II, and ECLS-SHOCK guide infarct-related cardiogenic shock (CS) management with temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS), but strict enrollment criteria may..

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A novel less invasive single port pulsatile ventricular assist device

Abstract A less invasive paracorporeal single port pulsatile ventricular assist device (sppVAD) was developed for cardiogenic shock. This compact sppVAD includes a valved single lumen cannula (VSLC), valveless single port..

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Association of VA-ECMO support and long-term quality of life after post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock: experience from a prospective cohort

Abstract Post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PC-CS) affects 2–6% of cardiac surgery patients. While survival rates keep improving, 40% of intensive care (ICU) survivors experience a “post-intensive care syndrome”, encompassing physical, cognitive,..

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Temporary circulatory support for cardiogenic shock: technology overview and limitations

Abstract Introduction Temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) has become essential in managing severe cardiac dysfunction, particularly refractory cardiogenic shock (CS). Despite widespread adoption, the optimal use of tMCS is often..

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Arterial Versus Mixed Venous Lactate Levels in 1526 Cardiac Intensive Care Patients

Abstract Time is critical in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiogenic shock, even more so than in septic shock. Early identification enables prompt circulatory support and restoration of tissue oxygenation. Baseline..

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Bleeding in Patients With Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock: A DanGer Shock Substudy

Abstract Background The microaxial flow pump (mAFP) has demonstrated improved outcomes in selected patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock (STEMI-CS). However, its use has been associated..

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Role of Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as a Procedural Support Tool in Cardiovascular Instability: A Case Series

Abstract The use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasing worldwide. Patients with cardiogenic shock were the first indication for VA-ECMO according to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO)..

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Towards an understanding of best practice: The good, the bad and the future of cardiogenic shock teams

Abstract Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains a high-mortality condition that demands rapid diagnosis, coordinated multidisciplinary management, and timely initiation of mechanical circulatory support. As more institutions implement dedicated CS teams, substantial..

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Investigating biomarkers associated with mortality in patients receiving VA-ECMO for cardiogenic shock: a systematic review

Abstract Context: Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a life-sustaining therapy for severe refractory cardiogenic shock. Although VA-ECMO provides various degrees of cardiopulmonary support, mortality rates remain high. Serum biomarkers have..

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A Contemporary Guide of Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract Managing refractory cardiogenic shock is individualized, with few aspects considered routine or universally contraindicated. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a temporary mechanical circulatory support strategy, providing hemodynamic stabilization..

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Modified cardiac power output as a marker for left ventricular recovery during V-A ECMO

Abstract Dear Editor, The timely liberation of cardiogenic shock (CS) patients from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) is crucial to reduce device  complications, although the predictor of weaning is..

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Levosimendan to Facilitate Weaning From ECMO in Patients With Severe Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract Importance  Levosimendan may facilitate weaning from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and improve survival, but supporting evidence remains limited. Objective  To assess whether early administration of levosimendan reduces the time to..

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Aortic Pulsatility Index Predicts Native Recovery in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Supported by Intra-aortic Balloon Pumps

Abstract Background For decades, the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been a reliable and readily available pillar of therapy for cardiogenic shock (CS). However, no clinical markers have been validated..

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Cardiac index, SvO2 or pCO2 gap may determine benefit from ECMO in cardiogenic shock: post-hoc analysis of the multicenter, randomized…

Abstract Background Immediate initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has not demonstrated benefit in individuals diagnosed with cardiogenic shock based on the presence of hypotension. The relationship between other hemodynamic..

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Construction of a nomogram model for individualized prediction of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning outcomes in cardiogenic shock

Abstract Objective To construct a nomogram prediction model for death in patients with cardiogenic shock after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) weaning. Methods Totally 210 patients with cardiogenic shock treated with..

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Predictivity of Each Readiness-to-Explant Criterion for Successful Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Explantation

Abstract Background: The use of temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) has revolutionized the management of cardiogenic shock (CS). However, standardized readiness-to-explant criteria for venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) have not been..

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