Abstract During cerebral ischemia, the quantitative Electroencephalogram (EEG) Alpha: Delta Ratio (ADR) decreases, and the asymmetry percentage increases. The utility of analyzing these metrics during neonatal Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion (ACP) or Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest (DHCA), and whether significant EEG changes precede neurologic injury after pediatric cardiac surgery, remains unknown...
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Abstract Background Children with cyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are exposed to varying oxygenation strategies, and the optimal oxygenation strategy and the impact of limiting hyperoxic exposure remain uncertain. This study aimed to compare oxygenation strategies designed to avoid hyperoxemia versus routine hyperoxic management..
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Abstract Background: Neonates and young infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are highly vulnerable to pulmonary dysfunction, systemic inflammation, capillary leak, and fluid overload, which may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) and the need for peritoneal dialysis (PD). Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a bedside, radiation-free tool that..
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Abstract This case report describes a pediatric cardiac surgery in which electrocardiographic (ECG) changes appeared immediately after the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), followed by severe bradycardia and ultimately flaccid cardiac arrest within minutes. Lab analysis revealed severe hyperkalemia (13.1 mEq/L) and metabolic acidosis, strongly suggesting contamination with cardioplegia solution..
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Abstract Background Retrograde autologous priming and venous antegrade priming replace the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit crystalloid with patient blood to mitigate hemodilution. However, their effectiveness in pediatric patients, particularly when analyzed as continuous variables, remains unclear. Aims We aimed to evaluate the effects of autologous priming techniques on blood conservation and..
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Abstract Purpose Pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). We hypothesized that a reduction in intraoperative renal (SrO2) or cerebral (ScO2) tissue oxygen saturation is associated with postoperative AKI. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study including fifty pediatric patients with non-cyanotic..
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Abstract Background We implemented a preoperative screening brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol for neonates undergoing cardiac surgery. The intent was to identify unrecognized central nervous system (CNS) injury that might alter the timing or type of surgical intervention. Methods This retrospective study included 397 neonates who underwent cardiac surgery..
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Abstract Background: Sanguineous preparation of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit with allogeneic blood products is known to contain substantial complement mediator burden. This study aims to assess the longitudinal immunologic impacts during pediatric CPB. Methods: In this post-hoc analysis of a prospective observational cohort study, 40 pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery..
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Abstract Antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) and hypothermia are widely used neuroprotective strategies during neonatal aortic arch repairs. Still, over 50% of neonates exhibit new or worsened white matter injury in neuroimaging studies. Currently, clinical practices differ markedly, and we lack consensus about optimal ACP perfusion and temperature strategies. This review..
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Abstract Background: A 17-year-old male patient diagnosed with a single ventricle, in a failed Fontan stage, was evaluated prior to heart transplantation. The patient had a panel-reactive antibody (PRA) for human leucocyte antigen (HLA) I of 18% and for HLA II of 37%, so the decision was made to administer..
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