Abstract Antithrombin (AT), a glycoprotein, plays a key role in anticoagulation by inhibiting coagulation proteases. It is also the primary mediator of heparin's anticoagulant effect, with heparin binding amplifying AT activity up to 1000-fold. Deficiency in AT contributes to a hypercoagulable state associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including morbidity and..
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Abstract Background Refractory cardiac arrest remains a major challenge in children, with poor survival despite advances in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), defined as rapid deployment of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) during ongoing CPR, provides circulatory and respiratory support and can serve as a bridge to definitive interventions...
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Abstract Background Pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with systemic inflammation. This trial aimed to determine whether continuous high-exchange ultrafiltration during CPB has a clinical immunomodulatory effect. Methods This single-center, double-blind trial enrolled pediatric patients weighing <15 kg undergoing cardiac surgery who were randomly allocated to continuous..
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Abstract A six-month-old, 3.3-kg, intact male American shorthair cat with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) underwent open-heart surgery using total cardiopulmonary bypass. Repair of the VSD was performed via a right fifth intercostal thoracotomy using a right atrial approach. To avoid excessive blood dilution, blood cardioplegia, retrograde autologous priming, conventional..
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Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether prebypass endogenous melatonin concentrations are associated with perioperative oxidative DNA injury, indexed by urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and to explore their relationship with postoperative N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Design A prospective, observational..
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Abstract Background Drawing on more than 30 years of valuable expertise in in-vitro, in-vivo, and clinical trials, we report the key findings of our institutional research on pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods A detailed search was performed in the National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine, focusing on the..
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Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after pediatric cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study evaluated renal regional oxygen saturation (R-rSO₂), measured via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), as an AKI predictor. Methods 120 pediatric patients undergoing CPB-assisted congenital heart surgery were prospectively enrolled. Continuous intraoperative R-rSO₂..
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Abstract Objectives This quality improvement project aimed to enhance operating room efficiency in a newly established paediatric cardiac operating room by focusing on key performance indicators (KPI), including (1) first case on-time start (FCOTS), (2) turnover time (TOT), and (3) case cancellation rate through targeted interventions. Methods This initiative was..
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Abstract Design Apixaban is a direct oral anticoagulant that inhibits factor Xa. Our objective was to examine the effect of apixaban on perioperative transfusion requirements in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Setting Quaternary children’s hospital. Participants Children with congenital or acquired heart disease who received apixaban less..
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Abstract Background/Objectives: In the present study, we hypothesized that cardiac surgery in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) leads to profound endothelial glycocalyx degradation, measured as the increase in plasma syndecan-1 concentration, and that this endothelial damage is more pronounced in patients with cyanotic CHD. Methods: A total of..
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