Hemadsorption in patients requiring V-A ECMO support: Comparison of Cytosorb versus Jafron HA330
Abstract
Background
ECMO support is associated with the development of a systemic hyper-inflammatory response, which may become quite significant and extreme in some cases. We hypothesize that Cytosorb or Jafron therapy may benefit patients on V-A ECMO in terms of levels of inflammatory markers such as IL-6, complications, and overall outcomes.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of prospectively collected data in a single tertiary care center between January 2021 and April 2022. At the time of the analysis of this article, 20 patients on V-A ECMO had cytokine adsorption while on ECMO support: Cytosorb group (n = 10), Jafron group (n = 10). In 10 ECMO-supported patients cytokine adsorption was not used, this group served as a control group, which may be quite significant in some cases. Evaluation of the level of inflammatory markers (IL-1, 6, 8; CRP, Leukocyte, Lactate, PCT, NT-proBNP, TNF-α) was performed.
Results
There was statistically significant longer CPB time, aortic cross-clamp time and ICU stay in cytokine adsorption groups than in the control group, but there were no differences between subgroups with different types of haemoadsorption used. Moreover, in the control group mortality rate was higher than in the cytokine adsorption groups (60% vs. 20%, p = 0.02). All patients had an elevation of inflammatory markers in the perioperative and immediate postoperative periods. After 72 h of intensive care, blood inflammation markers had a tendency to decline.
Conclusion
At the time of writing, hemadsorption in patients requiring V-A ECMO support represents a good therapeutic effect. This effect is permanent for the whole period of extracorporeal cytokine hemadsorption application for both CytoSorb and Jafron HA330 devices.