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Perioperative paediatric patient blood management: a narrative review

Abstract Patient blood management (PBM) encompasses implementing multimodal evidence-based strategies to screen, diagnose, and properly treat anaemia and coagulopathies using goal-directed therapy while minimising bleeding. The aim of PBM is..

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Postoperative bleeding outcome of fresh frozen plasma prime in pediatric cardiac surgery: A systematic review & meta-analysis

Abstract Introduction Bleeding after cardiac surgeries holds risk of mortality and morbidity in pediatrics. This systematic review aimed to evaluate postoperative blood loss and blood transfusion requirements for pediatric patients..

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Hemostatic derangements associated with cardiopulmonary bypass predict outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing corrective heart surgery

Abstract Background Understanding of the hemostatic and complement alterations associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric patients and the impact of these alterations on outcome is limited. Objectives The present..

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Prophylactic corticosteroids for infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Background Prophylactic corticosteroids have been widely used to mitigate the inflammatory response induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, the impact of this treatment on clinically important outcomes in infants..

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Cardiopulmonary bypass in a pediatric patient with factor XII deficiency

Abstract The safe use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) relies upon the ability to administer, monitor, and reverse anticoagulation. Although rare, the factor XII deficient patient creates a challenge for the..

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Usefulness of bilateral cerebral regional oxygen saturation measurements in determining selective cerebral perfusion flow rate in a pediatric patient with…

Abstract Background We report a pediatric case where bilateral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) measurements were useful in determining the selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) flow rate. Case presentation A 9-year-old Japanese..

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Thromboelastography-guided Intraoperative Platelet Transfusion in Pediatric Heart Surgery

Abstract Background Postoperative bleeding is associated with significant resource use and is an important contributor to other major adverse events in pediatric patients undergoing complex cardiac surgical procedures. Thromboelastography (TEG;..

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Outcomes in peripheral right ventricular device support: Comparing the dual lumen, single canula and femoral vein cannulation strategies for right…

Abstract Introduction The Protek Duo (PtD) dual lumen, single cannula was developed as a percutaneous system for temporary mechanical support, inserted through the internal jugular vein (IJ) for both atrial..

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Sanguineous cardiopulmonary bypass prime accelerates the inflammatory response during pediatric cardiac surgery

Abstract Background The inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric patients remains an unresolved challenge. Sanguineous CPB prime, composed of allogenic blood products, is one potentially important stimulus. This..

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Predictors of Neurologic Complications and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as an important intervention for children both preceding and following cardiac surgery. There is a notable lack of comprehensive information regarding neurodevelopmental outcomes...

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Association Between Persistent Hypothermia After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Neonates and Odds of Serious Complications

Abstract IMPORTANCE:  Persistent hypothermia after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in neonates with congenital heart defects (CHD) has been historically considered benign despite lack of evidence on its prognostic significance. OBJECTIVES:  Examine..

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Unraveling the Blood Biomaterial Interaction During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides lifesaving cardiopulmonary support for patients with a multitude of clinical diagnoses, resulting from cardiac and/or respiratory failure refractory to conventional supports. The utilization..

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Reducing the prime cardiopulmonary bypass volume during paediatric cardiac surgery

Abstract Introduction Despite technological advances, the use of homologous blood to prime the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits of infants under 10 kg remains common. However, such rapid massive transfusion may increase..

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Association Between Tidal Volume in Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Mortality in Children With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Mechanical ventilation (MV) strategies in children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have not been studied much and the ventilatory parameters to avoid greater lung damage are still unclear. Our..

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Gut Microbiome in Children with Congenital Heart Disease After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery (GuMiBear Study)

Abstract The gut microbiome of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (CPB) is at risk of profound alteration. The aim of this study was to examine..

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Anomalous Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery With Ventricular Septal Defect and Double Aortic Arch: A Unique Case Report

Abstract Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is an uncommon life-threatening congenital heart defect that occurs mostly as an isolated lesion. It is very rarely associated with..

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Temperature and Neurologic Outcomes in Neonates Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Society of Thoracic Surgeons Study

Abstract Background There is significant variability in postoperative neurological injury rates in patients with , with early injuries impacting long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes; therefore, there is an urgent need for identifying effective..

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Multiple Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Runs and Futility. What Are the Limits?

Abstract Despite high mortality rates, pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) redeployments are frequently discussed in everyday clinical care. We aim to investigate predictors of mortality in those patients. Clinical data..

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Definitions of adverse events associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children: results of an international Delphi process from the ECMO-CENTRAL…

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a high-risk and low-volume life support with increasing clinical study. However, heterogenous outcome definitions impede data assimilation into evidence to guide practice. The Academic..

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Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A review of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry

Abstract Aims Current data are insufficient for the leading resuscitation societies to advise on the use of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The aim of..

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Aortic Dissection in a Neonate Receiving Extracorporeal Life Support Therapy: A Case Report

Abstract Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) therapy is increasingly being used to support children with refractory cardiorespiratory failure, but its use is occasionally associated with complications. Neonatal aortic dissection in association..

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Cerebral autoregulation monitoring using the cerebral oximetry index after neonatal cardiac surgery: A single-center retrospective cohort study

Abstract Objective To investigate whether  is impaired after neonatal cardiac surgery and whether changes in  metrics are associated with different  or the incidence of postoperative neurologic events. Methods This is a retrospective observational..

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Effects of Fibrinogen Concentrate Supplementation on Postoperative Bleeding in Infants Undergoing Complex Cardiac Surgery

Abstract The use of allogeneic blood products to restore hemostasis during pediatric cardiac surgery is associated with major risks. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in new patient blood..

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International treatment outcomes of neonates on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN): a systematic…

Abstract Background PPHN is a common cause of neonatal respiratory failure and is still a serious condition and associated with high mortality. Objectives To compare the demographic variables, clinical characteristics,..

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Prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatrics: How long did we wait?

Abstract Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and its effect on outcomes. Also, we sought to identify hospital mortality predictors and..

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Impact of nitric oxide via cardiopulmonary bypass on pediatric heart surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Objective The impact of nitric oxide (NO) administered via cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on pediatric heart surgery remains controversial. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive systematic..

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Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Use Among Children With Cardiac Disease in the ICU: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Data Through March…

Abstract Objective:  Epidemiologic data on extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) use in children with cardiac disease after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) are lacking. We aimed to investigate trends in ECPR use..

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Comparison of red blood cell transfusions and hemostatic transfusions and their relation to thromboses in pediatric patients receiving extracorporeal membrane…

Abstract Objective To evaluate the association of RBC transfusions with thrombosis in pediatric patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and compare this with the transfusion of other blood products and..

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The effect of intraoperative cerebral oxygen desaturations on postoperative cerebral oxygen metabolism in neonates and infants a pilot study

Abstract Introduction Cerebral oxygen desaturation during pediatric surgery has been associated with adverse perioperative outcomes. The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the frequency and severity of intraoperative..

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The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) 2024 expert consensus document: Management of neonates and infants with Ebstein anomaly

Abstract Objectives Symptomatic neonates and infants with Ebstein anomaly (EA) require complex management. A group of experts was commissioned by the American Association for Thoracic Surgery to provide a framework..

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