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Cerebral Autoregulation During Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Neonates Undergoing Congenital Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Objectives Antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) is used to protect the brain during aortic arch reconstructions. It is unknown whether cerebral autoregulation remains intact during ACP. This study was designed..

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Integration of the Korean and World Databases for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery: A Model for Global Registry Collaboration

Abstract Background: Establishing the Korean Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery Database (KPCHSD) and linking it to the World Database for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery (WDPCHS) is an important step..

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An Insight Into a Potential Antithrombin-Independent Mechanism of Inadequate Heparin Response in Neonates and Infants Undergoing Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: An…

Abstract Objectives Inadequate heparin response is frequently observed in neonates and young infants. While low antithrombin level is considered to be the primary cause, the existing literature suggests that it..

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Association Between Preoperative Iron Deficiency and Postoperative Outcomes in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Objectives To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia and their association with adverse outcomes in children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Design Retrospective review...

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Extracorporeal-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Deployment in the Pediatric Emergency Department Setting: 2000-2023 Report For the American Heart Association’s Get With the Guidelines®-Resuscitation…

Abstract Objectives: Pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) events leading to extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) most often occur in the ICU in cardiac patients. Since there is little information about using..

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A Novel Neonatal Brain Injury Score for Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Abstract Background Infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are at increased risk of neuroimaging abnormalities and neurodevelopmental impairment. There is no standardized neuroimaging scoring system in this patient population. Our..

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Patient and family-centered concerns in pediatric cardiac surgery: a Middle Eastern perspective

Abstract Background Congenital heart disease affects approximately 1% of live births worldwide and remains among the most significant contributors to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Approximately half of them require surgical..

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Perioperative Metabolomic Profiling in Neonatal Cardiac Surgery Identifies a High-Risk Phenotype for Adverse Outcomes

Abstract Background Neonatal cardiac surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Perioperative metabolic stress may result in distinct metabolic phenotypes associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Objectives The purpose of..

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Mortality and Risk Factors in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease in Mexico

Abstract Objective: To describe surgical outcomes, in-hospital mortality, and variables associated with mortality in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) at a national referral center in México over 14..

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Survivors of Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Importance  Cyanotic congenital heart diseases, which occur in approximately 0.2% of live births in the United States, have high mortality rates if untreated, but survival to adulthood is common with..

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Quantitative Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring Using Transit-Time Flow Measurement During Neonatal Aortic Arch Surgery: A Case Report

Abstract Neurological injury remains a major concern during neonatal aortic arch surgery. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is commonly used to monitor cerebral oxygenation but does not provide direct quantitative information on..

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Perioperative Normoxia Versus Hyperoxia in Cyanotic Congenital Heart Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract Background Optimal oxygenation strategies during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease remain controversial. Although hyperoxia has traditionally been used to compensate for chronic hypoxemia, concerns..

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Accelerated epigenetic ageing in congenital heart disease: the AccelerAGE study

Abstract Background and Aims Adults with congenital heart disease tend to develop both cardiac and noncardiac age-related comorbidities earlier in life than the general population, suggesting accelerated biological ageing. Epigenetic..

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Risk Factor Analysis of Inadequate Heparin Response in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Objectives To identify risk factors associated with inadequate heparin response in pediatric congenital heart surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass and to develop age-specific predictive scoring systems. Design Retrospective cohort study...

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The Gut Microbiome in Congenital Heart Disease: Dysbiosis, Intestinal Barrier Injury, and Translational Opportunities Across the Childhood—A Narrative Review

Abstract Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly worldwide and is associated with substantial infant morbidity and mortality. This narrative review synthesizes evidence linking CHD to alterations..

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Early Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Importance  Neurodevelopmental impairments are common in children with congenital heart disease. Objectives  To compare neurodevelopmental outcomes by cardiac diagnosis and identify associations between medical and social factors and early neurodevelopmental outcomes..

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Reference intervals for haptoglobin in neonates and children 30 days to 18 years old

Abstract Background Discovered in 1938, haptoglobin is a liver-produced α2-glycoprotein that binds free hemoglobin, mitigating its toxic effects, and serves as a biomarker for hemolysis. The current study, under the..

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The American Society of ExtraCorporeal Technology Standards and Guidelines for Pediatric and Congenital Perfusion Practice: 2025 Update

Abstract Background In 2019, the American Society of Extracorporeal Technology (AmSECT) approved the inaugural Standards and Guidelines for Pediatric and Congenital Perfusion Practice. These standards and guidelines were created with the..

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Postoperative Bleeding Definitions as the Foundation of Hemostasis in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Effective perioperative hemostasis in pediatric cardiac surgery depends not only on accurate diagnostics and targeted transfusion strategies but also on a clear and consistent definition of postoperative bleeding. Despite..

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Predictive value of cerebral oxygenation with near infrared spectroscopy for in-hospital mortality in pediatric congenital heart disease surgery: a retrospective…

Abstract Aim Congenital heart disease still has significant morbidity and mortality despite advances in surgery. Inadequate tissue perfusion is thought to be the primary cause. Monitoring children with cerebral oxygenation..

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Blood Lactate Clearance as a Predictor of Mortality in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract Background: Pediatric cardiac surgery is still a high-risk procedure, with mortality being a significant concern. Lactate clearance has been demonstrated to enhance outcomes in critically ill adult populations; however, data..

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Hemofilters versus hemodialyzers: impacts on cytokine removal during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is crucial for surgical repair but is associated with systemic inflammation..

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Development of new antithrombotic drugs for children (part 1): guidance from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Pediatric and Neonatal Thrombosis…

Abstract As adult programs of newer anthrombotic agents, such as those directed against FXIa, are underway, there is both a pressing need and a great opportunity to optimize the design,..

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Cerebral Hemodynamic Changes During Cardiac Surgery: A Feasibility MR Study in Piglets

Abstract Congenital heart disease often requires early surgical intervention. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a standard procedure, but infants undergoing CPB show an increased risk of postoperative white matter injury. These..

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Time to extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation flow and outcomes in paediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest: a 12-year single-centre study

Abstract Background Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is increasingly used for refractory paediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Although rapid initiation of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is widely considered critical, the relative..

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Pediatric Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (ECPR): Understanding Variations in Systems and Clinical Practice

Abstract Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for pediatric cardiac arrest relies on enhanced resources and time-critical decision-making. We aimed to evaluate variations in systems and clinical practice among extracorporeal membrane oxygenation..

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Ross(-Konno) Procedure in Neonates and Infants: A Multicentre Experience

Abstract Objectives Neonates and infants who receive a Ross or Ross-Konno operation form a different population from older children and adults who undergo this procedure. We aimed to provide a..

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Quantitative Electroencephalogram Patterns During Neonatal Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion and Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest that Suggest Neurologic Injury

Abstract During cerebral ischemia, the quantitative Electroencephalogram (EEG) Alpha: Delta Ratio (ADR) decreases, and the asymmetry percentage increases. The utility of analyzing these metrics during neonatal Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion (ACP)..

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Avoidance of Hyperoxemia Versus Routine Hyperoxia During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children With Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background Children with cyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are exposed to varying oxygenation strategies, and the optimal oxygenation strategy and the impact of..

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Early Prediction of Postoperative Peritoneal Dialysis Using Lung Ultrasound Scoring in Neonates After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract Background: Neonates and young infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are highly vulnerable to pulmonary dysfunction, systemic inflammation, capillary leak, and fluid overload, which may lead to..

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