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Elementary school performance of children with congenital heart disease: a Danish nationwide cohort study

Abstract Aims Academic achievement of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) has not been comprehensively studied across the entire CHD severity spectrum. Methods and results Through nationwide registries, we identified..

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Repeated Treatments With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Patients: A Registry Analysis

Abstract Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare and severe malformation that can lead to life-threatening postnatal physiological challenges which may require lifesaving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, sometimes more..

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Ice Water Drowning Survival After 147-Minute Submersion and 7 °C Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest

Abstract Background Young patients may survive accidental deep hypothermia with prolonged asystolic circulatory arrest because of protective effects of cold. Case Summary An 8-year-old boy fell through pond ice and..

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Delayed Sternal Closure Following Complex Cardiac Surgery in Neonates

Abstract Background Delayed sternal closure (DSC) is a well-established management strategy following complex congenital cardiac surgery that is used to mitigate postoperative hemodynamic and respiratory instability. It is mostly used..

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A Landscape Analysis of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Services in Africa

Abstract Background There is geographic disparity in the provision of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease (PCHD) services; Africa accounts for only 1% of global cardiothoracic surgical capacity. Methods We conducted..

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Prediction of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiopulmonary bypass in infants by monitoring femoral oxygen saturation

Abstract To investigate the feasibility of regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) monitoring for preventing acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants undergoing ventricular..

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How I Do It: Donation After Circulatory Death With Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Small Babies

Abstract Background: The gold standard for treatment of patients with end-stage heart failure remains . Time spent on the active waiting list, notably for  patients, contributes to alarmingly high mortality. Donation after..

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Description and Management of Cardiac Arrests in Congenital Cardiac Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery, Cardiac Catheterization, and Cardiac Imaging

Abstract Objective To describe cardiac arrest during anesthesia care provided by a pediatric cardiac anesthesiologist in patients with congenital heart disease and identify predictors of outcome. Design Retrospective chart review...

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“When I walk away and wonder, did I make the best decision?”: A decisional needs assessment among providers involved in…

Abstract Purpose Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is an advanced resuscitation therapy for cardiopulmonary arrest refractory to standard CPR. ECPR treatment recommendations are not supported by strong evidence, and institutional criteria..

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Inflammatory Markers During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Neonates With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Abstract This study aimed to assess whether the proinflammatory markers procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), or interleukin 6 (IL-6) are associated with mortality in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)..

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Everolimus and Low-Dose Tacrolimus After Heart Transplant in Children

Abstract Importance  Studies suggest that everolimus may reduce the risk of rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) after heart transplant. Everolimus use is controversial because..

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Nutritional support in pediatric patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: new insights

Abstract Nutritional support in pediatric patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy is controversial. Although ECMO is increasingly used in pediatric intensive care units, there is no consensus on the..

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Relationship between intraoperative blood pressure variability and postoperative acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac surgery

Abstract Background Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a notably common complication in pediatrics, with an incidence rate ranging from 15 to 64%. This rate is significantly higher than..

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Temporal trends and risk factors for bleeding and thrombosis in pediatric ECMO: A multicenter cohort study

Abstract Introduction Bleeding and thrombosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), yet their evolving, time-dependent risks remain poorly defined. This study evaluated clinical..

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Large Single-Center Experience With Extubation During Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Extubation of select neonatal and pediatric patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may avoid ventilator-induced lung injury, decrease neurosedative exposure, and improve rehabilitation. A single-center retrospective cohort study..

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Review of Current Normothermic Regional Perfusion Practice in Pediatric Cardiac Donation

Abstract Background Cardiac allotransplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage heart failure. However, organ supply remains the principal issue affecting patients. Pediatric patients present unique challenges resulting in long wait-list..

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Assessing the Efficacy of Pathogen-Reduced Platelet Transfusions for Hemostasis in Children Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery

Abstract Background Children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery are vulnerable to bleeding and often require transfusions. Pathogen-reduced (PR) platelets may reduce microbial contamination but are associated with decreased platelet count..

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Blood Transfusions are Associated With Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Following Cardiac Surgery in Neonates

Abstract Background: To investigate the factors that influence blood transfusions after neonatal cardiac surgery and their association with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) to provide a basis for optimizing blood transfusion..

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Is Cardiac Surgery Safe During GenAI exceeds clinical experts in predicting acute kidney injury following paediatric cardiopulmonary bypassPregnancy?

Abstract The emergence of large language models (LLMs) opens new horizons to leverage, often unused, information in clinical text. Our study aims to capitalise on this new potential. Specifically, we..

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Impact of acute kidney injury and dysnatremia on length of stay in infants after cardiac surgery

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) and dysnatremia following pediatric cardiac surgery are common conditions associated with worse outcomes. While the multifactorial etiology of AKI is well-known, the role of..

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Modified ultrafiltration warming technology in pediatric congenital heart disease surgery: A case‒control study

Abstract Background To evaluate the effect and safety of modified ultrafiltration warming technology during pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis included 68 children (<1 year) who..

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Successful Treatment of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Induced Digital Ischemia in Infants Using Botulinum Toxin Type A

Abstract Digital ischemia following extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy is a known complication with potential devastating long-term sequela. Onabotulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has been demonstrated to be effective for..

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On-Table Reanimation of a Pediatric Heart from Donation after Circulatory Death

Abstract Cardiac allotransplantation is warranted in children with end-stage heart failure or irreparable congenital heart disease. A dearth of organs for transplantation has contributed to long wait-list times and resultant..

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Is hyperoxia in early pediatric veno-veno extracorporeal life support associated with mortality?

Abstract Background: Data is limited regarding the effects of supraphysiologic blood oxygen tension (hyperoxia) in patients requiring extracorporeal life support (ECLS). We sought to evaluate the association between hyperoxia and..

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Comprehensive secondary analysis of thrombotic events in pediatric patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A prospective cohort study

Abstract Introduction This study aims to describe laboratory and clinical factors associated with thrombotic events during prolonged pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Methods A secondary analysis of a multi-center prospective study..

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Evaluation of Intraoperative Bivalirudin Anticoagulation in Neonates and Infants Undergoing Arterial Switch Operation on Integrated ECMO-CPB Circuit: A Prospective Study

Abstract Objectives To ascertain the dosage of bivalirudin in neonates and infants undergoing arterial switch operation on integrated extracorporeal membrane oxygenation–cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit. Design Pilot study. Setting A tertiary..

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Hyperlactatemia in Critically Ill Children: Modeling Early Recovery Kinetics After Initiation of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Objectives:  Blood lactate concentration ([Lac]b) reflects the balance among production, clearance (Cl[Lac]), and volume of distribution. We have observed dramatic improvement in [Lac]b in critically ill patients after starting support..

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Hospital-acquired infections in neonatal ECMO patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract To evaluate the impact of hospital-acquired infections ( HAIs ) on the prognosis of neonates treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and analyzing related prognostic indicators, we conducted a..

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ECMO Use in Neonates with Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an important rescue strategy for neonates with severe cardiorespiratory failure, yet its role in the management of hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains subject to debate...

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Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury in neonatal Norwood procedure: incidence, risk factors and impact on mortality and outcomes

Abstract OBJECTIVES Acute kidney injury commonly complicates congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, increasing morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for postoperative acute kidney injury and..

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