Yearly Archives: 2025

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Application of a novel extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system in awake Hu sheep under various durations

Abstract Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides effective support for respiratory and circulatory functions and stands as an essential means in the management of life-threatening conditions. This study aimed to..

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Incidence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in different membrane oxygenators: pilot in vitro experiments in commercially available coated membranes

Abstract Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were detected in blood samples and in cellular deposits of oxygenator membranes during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy and may be responsible for thrombogenesis. The..

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Blood Purification Membranes Used in Liquid–Gas Environments: Artificial Lungs

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), the key component of which is a membrane oxygenator, known as the artificial lung, could provide irreplaceable respiratory support for patients with cardiopulmonary failure. The..

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Anticoagulation Monitoring Strategies During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Therapy – Differences Between Simultaneously Obtained Coagulation Tests: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort…

Abstract Introduction During extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systemic anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin (UFH) is standard-of-care. However, there is uncertainty regarding optimal anticoagulation monitoring strategies. Methods We retrospectively investigated venovenous and..

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From GPT to DeepSeek: Significant gaps remain in realizing AI in healthcare

Abstract Introduction On January 27, 2025, DeepSeek-R1, a new Generative AI model, was introduced and rapidly gained adoption, taking over the user market to become the No.1 downloaded AI app , , ...

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Daily Surveillance Blood Cultures in Children Supported With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study, 2021–2023

Abstract Objective:  Diagnosing bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be challenging due to circuit-controlled temperature, altered hemodynamics, and questionable reliability of inflammatory markers in critically..

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Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in neonates with transposition of the great arteries: 15 years of experience

Abstract OBJECTIVES Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can act as a bridge to recovery in both pre- and postoperative patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA). However, literature on its..

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The Ross/Konno Procedure

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in neonates and infants encompasses a variety of anatomical defects, ranging from isolated aortic valve stenosis or discrete subaortic stenosis to the more complex tunnel..

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ECMO in Resource-Limited Settings: Challenges and the Way Forward

Introduction Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) has revolutionized the management of patients with severe cardiac and respiratory failure. Once considered a last-resort therapy, ECMO is now an integral part of critical..

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Customized Priming Strategies for High-Risk Patients: Pediatric, Geriatric, and Renal Compromise Considerations.

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is essential in cardiac surgery, but high-risk patients—such as pediatric, geriatric, and renal-compromised individuals—require specialized priming strategies to optimize outcomes. A one-size-fits-all approach can lead to..

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Hemodynamic Management During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a critical component of cardiac surgery, allowing the heart to be temporarily stopped while maintaining circulation and oxygenation. Proper hemodynamic management during CPB is essential..

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Optimizing Priming Solutions in Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Balancing Hemodynamics, Organ Protection, and Patient Outcomes

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a life-saving technology that temporarily replaces the heart and lungs during cardiac surgery. The choice of priming solution plays a crucial role in maintaining hemodynamic..

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Cardioplegia: Classification, Evolution, and Strategies to Reduce Reperfusion Injury

1. Introduction Cardioplegia plays a crucial role in myocardial protection during cardiac surgery by inducing controlled cardiac arrest and minimizing ischemic injury. Over the years, various cardioplegia strategies have evolved,..

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Isolated Limb Perfusion (ILP) and Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment

Introduction Isolated Limb Perfusion (ILP) is a targeted chemotherapy technique used primarily for treating locally advanced limb malignancies, such as soft tissue sarcomas and melanoma. By isolating the limb’s vascular..

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Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC): A Revolutionary Approach in Oncologic Perfusion

Introduction Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an advanced oncologic perfusion technique designed to treat peritoneal carcinomatosis, a condition where cancer spreads within the peritoneal cavity (Sugarbaker, 1995). This innovative approach..

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Left Heart Bypass

Left Heart Bypass: An Overview Introduction Left Heart Bypass (LHB) is a surgical technique used to temporarily divert blood from the left side of the heart to maintain distal perfusion..

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The Untold Story of Cardiac Surgery in Pakistan.

Introduction The history of cardiac surgery in Pakistan is often credited to various institutions, but a lesser-known and largely undocumented fact is that the first open-heart surgery in Pakistan was..

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Managing Anticoagulation in Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Best Practices

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a cornerstone of modern cardiac surgery, enabling complex procedures by temporarily taking over the heart and lung functions. However, one of the most critical aspects of..

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ECMO Management and Ventilator Settings: Optimizing Care for Critically Ill Patients

Introduction Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a critical intervention for patients with severe cardiac and respiratory failure. Although ECMO provides life-saving support, its management, particularly in conjunction with mechanical ventilation,..

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Review of the European Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion (EBCP) Guidelines: Implementation and Feasibility for Pakistani Perfusionists.

Introduction The European Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion (EBCP) establishes standardized guidelines to ensure quality and safety in perfusion practices across Europe. These guidelines provide a framework for clinical protocols, training,..

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Managing Serum Lactate During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Serum lactate is a critical biomarker in cardiac surgery, offering insights into tissue oxygenation and metabolic status. Elevated lactate levels during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can indicate inadequate perfusion, hypoxia, or..

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Alpha-Stat vs. pH-Stat Blood Gas Management During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Introduction Blood gas management during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is crucial for optimizing oxygen delivery and cerebral perfusion, especially in temperature-regulated surgeries such as deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). Two primary..

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Common Mistakes in Perfusion and How to Avoid Them.

Perfusionists play a critical role in cardiac surgery and extracorporeal support, ensuring optimal oxygenation and circulation during procedures. However, given the complexity of the field, even experienced professionals can make..

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Parallel Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuits During Bridge-to-Lung Transplantation

Abstract Venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supports end-organ oxygen delivery in patients with refractory respiratory failure. Physical therapy (PT) while on ECMO provides conceptual benefits of strength and conditioning...

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Impact of Multistage Cannula on Recirculation in Various Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation Strategies

Abstract We aimed to compare recirculation of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) administered with various cannula placements for femoro-femoral (F-F) and femoro-jugular (F-J) configurations in patients with respiratory failure...

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The first case of central Y–Y extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation system in a pediatric patient

Abstract The mechanical circulatory support (MCS) for pediatric patients with severe acute heart failure and poor pulmonary conditions is challenging. Herein, we report the first pediatric case of successfully treated..

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ECMO for the pregnant and peripartum patient: A practical review of indications, unique management considerations, and an approach framework

Abstract The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to support the pregnant patient and fetus requires a complex decision-making process. Peripartum ECMO requires coordinated and informed decision-making between an interdisciplinary..

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Treatment time limit for successful weaning from veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock

Abstract Aims Knowing the upper time limit for successful weaning from temporary mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic shock will help with decision‐making regarding advanced heart failure (HF) therapy or considering..

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Extracorporeal lung perfusion and donation EVLPD in donation after circulatory death DCD

Extracorporeal lung perfusion and donation (EVLPD) in donation after circulatory death (DCD) patients is a groundbreaking advancement in organ transplantation, and Professor Sam Zeraatiannejaddavani, a world-renowned surgeon, has been at..

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Bilateral Lung Procurement for interstate Transfer

A to Z Steps of Bilateral Lung Procurement for interstate Transfer.   Dr.Sam Zeraatian Nejad Davani, CEO of rockingham medical research ADKWA center as well as Head of IUMS transplant..

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