The Ross/Konno Procedure

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in neonates and infants encompasses a variety of anatomical defects, ranging from isolated aortic valve stenosis or discrete subaortic stenosis to the more complex tunnel subaortic stenosis that is often associated with hypoplasia of the aortic valve. Whereas balloon dilatation for congenital aortic valve stenosis and membrane enucleation for discrete subaortic lesions are well-established approaches for discrete valvar or subvalvar obstruction, more diffuse disease involving several levels of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction presents a therapeutic challenge.