Yearly Archives: 2025

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Effects and trend of steroid dosage reduction during cardiac surgery: A three-year retrospective analysis at a tertiary medical center

Abstract Background Current adult cardiac surgery guidelines recommend against the routine use of prophylactic intravenous corticosteroids during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) due to concerns about myocardial injury, despite their potential to..

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A clinical comparison of the effects of six disposable cardiopulmonary bypass circuits on bleeding and coagulation: a quality assurance project

Abstract Purpose Cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is frequently complicated by excessive bleeding because of coagulopathy. Contact of blood with the CPB circuit is a major contributor. While several..

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Does Intraoperative Cell-Salvaged Autologous Blood Transfusion in Metastatic Spine Tumour Surgery Impact Clinical Outcomes: A Prospective Clinical Study With 4-year…

Abstract Study design Prospective Clinical Study. Objective Allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) is the current standard of blood replenishment for metastatic spine tumour surgery (MSTS) despite known complications. Salvaged blood transfusion..

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Industry payments and implicit bias in cardiothoracic surgery: Difference in industry payments to cardiothoracic surgeons by gender

Abstract Objective Industry payments, as sources of revenue and prestige, may contribute to gender implicit bias. We examined industry payments to cardiothoracic surgeons to determine differences with respect to gender..

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How we would use Cardiac Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: What we would do for ourselves across the perioperative period during…

Abstract Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery (ERACS) programs have grown from their humble beginnings as a ‘Fast-track recovery’ pathway which was first described in 1994, and have now evolved into..

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Development and validation of a checklist for cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Introduction: Risk prevention protocols related to patient care have been developed to reduce the incidence of adverse events in health care services. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can trigger several complications,..

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Insights from autopsy-initiated pathological studies of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease: Part I. Atherosclerosis

Abstract Context Ischemic heart disease (IHD) due to coronary atherosclerosis constitutes the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This review was undertaken to document the historical basis for our..

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Monitoring Hemostatic Function during Cardiac Surgery with Point-of-Care Viscoelastic Assays: A Narrative Review

Abstract Bleeding is a well-known and severe complication of cardiac surgery. Cardiopulmonary bypass, along with heparinization and hemodilution, is thought to affect all pathways of the hemostatic process, leading to..

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In Silico Analysis of Pulsatile Flow Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on Human Aorta Model

Abstract Electrocardiogram (ECG)—synchronized pulsatile veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) is a recent development in extracorporeal therapy for patients with severe cardiogenic shock. Although preclinical studies have shown benefits of..

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Scavenger endothelial cells alleviate tissue damage by engulfing toxic molecules derived from hemolysis

Abstract Hemolysis induces tissue damage by releasing cellular contents into the plasma. It is widely accepted that hemolysis-derived toxic molecules are cleared by macrophages or metabolized in hepatocytes. In zebrafish,..

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Perfusion Strategy and Mitral Repair by MICS

Minimally invasive mitral valve repair (MICS) with neochords combines a precise surgical technique with an advanced perfusion strategy to optimize outcomes. The minimally invasive approach can be performed routinely, delivering..

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Optimizing Oxygenation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Striking the Right Balance Between Normoxia and Hyperoxia.

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a cornerstone of modern cardiac surgery, facilitating a bloodless and motionless field for surgeons. Traditionally, hyperoxia—elevated levels of arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂)—has been employed during..

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Advances in CPB Circuit Coatings: Impact on Biocompatibility and Inflammatory Response

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a lifesaving technology in cardiac surgery, but it introduces blood-material interactions that trigger inflammatory and coagulative responses. To address these issues, advancements in biocompatible CPB..

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The Controversy of Normothermic vs. Hypothermic CPB: What Does the Evidence Say?

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has transformed cardiac surgery, allowing for safe and controlled procedures on the arrested heart. However, a long-standing debate in perfusion science is whether CPB should be..

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Hemodilution vs. Hemoconcentration in CPB: Striking the Right Balance

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) introduces significant alterations in blood composition due to the priming solution, fluid shifts, and extracorporeal circulation. Hemodilution and hemoconcentration represent two opposing strategies, each with distinct..

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Trends in Cardiac Arrest Outcomes & Management in Children with Cardiac Illness Category Compared to Non-Cardiac Illness Category: An Analysis…

Abstract Introduction Contemporary rates of survival after pediatric in-hospital CPR events and trends in survival over the last 20 years have not been compared based on illness category. We hypothesized that..

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A New Multifunction Oxygenator With a Dual-Chamber Gas Exchanger to Reduce Dependence on Oxygen Supply

Abstract Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systems have been used to provide temporary support for patients with severe respiratory or cardiac failure, they are often bedridden, in part because of..

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International Consensus on Evidence Gaps and Research Opportunities in Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Refractory Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Report From…

Abstract The increased accessibility of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation following the COVID‐19 pandemic and the publication of the first randomized trial of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) prompted the National Heart, Lung,..

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Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation After the Circulatory Determination of Death: Understanding Where the Benefit Lies

Abstract Controlled donation after the circulatory determination of death (cDCDD) has emerged as a strategy to increase the availability of organs for clinical use. Traditionally, organs from cDCDD donors have..

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Low- vs. Moderate-Intensity Anticoagulation for Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The SAFE-ECMO Pilot Trial

Abstract Background Bleeding is a common and sometimes fatal complication of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Whether lowering the intensity of anticoagulation during venovenous ECMO is safe or effective is..

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Anticoagulation in ECMO: Target Values to Reduce Hemorrhagic Complications in Adults. A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract The 2021 Adult and Pediatric Anticoagulation Guidelines for patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) recommend a target partial thromboplastin time (PTT) between 60 and 85 seconds when unfractionated heparin..

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Flow Physiology of Extracorporeal Circulation

Introduction Extracorporeal circulation (ECC), used in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), serves as a temporary replacement for the heart and lungs. It maintains tissue perfusion and gas..

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Sedation and Hemodynamic Control During ECMO: The Perfusionist’s Role

Introduction Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving intervention for patients with severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure. Unlike cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), ECMO can run for days to weeks, requiring meticulous..

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ECMO Physiology: Oxygen Content, Capacity, Delivery, and Consumption

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving intervention for patients with severe cardiac or respiratory failure. A thorough understanding of ECMO physiology, particularly oxygen transport dynamics, is essential for optimizing..

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Pulsatile vs. Non-Pulsatile Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Comparative Analysis

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been the cornerstone of modern cardiac surgery, allowing for safe cardiac arrest while maintaining systemic perfusion. However, the debate between pulsatile and non-pulsatile flow during..

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Blood Conservation and Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a vital component of cardiac surgery, allowing surgeons to perform complex procedures on a still, bloodless heart. However, CPB is associated with significant hemodilution, coagulopathy,..

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Comparing unilateral and bilateral cerebral perfusion during total arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection

Abstract OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of unilateral versus bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (u-ACP vs. b-ACP) on postoperative complications and mid-term follow-up results in Asian patients with acute type A..

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First-Day Platelet Count Is Associated With In-Hospital Mortality in Adult Postcardiotomy Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract To investigate the relationship between platelet counts within the first 24 hours of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) support and in-hospital mortality in postcardiotomy ECMO patients. Adult patients..

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Outcomes of type A aortic dissection in Australia

Abstract Introduction Without surgical intervention, type A aortic dissection (TAAD) carries a high risk of life-threatening complications and mortality. Due to the low incidence of aortic dissection, case numbers vary..

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