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Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Decreases Intraoperative Allogeneic Transfusion in Cyanotic Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (aPRP) on perioperative allogeneic blood product transfusion requirement in patients undergoing cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) surgery and patients’ prognosis...

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Timing of cardiopulmonary bypass beyond the first 48 hours is not associated with mortality in premature infants with congenital heart…

Abstract Objective Premature infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) face high perioperative mortality and neurological risk. We evaluated whether cardiopulmonary bypass timing independently influences mortality or neurologic injury in premature..

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Clinical Effectiveness and Economic Impact of Intraoperative Cell Salvage in Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery

Abstract Background Intraoperative cell salvage is widely used in pediatric scoliosis surgery to reduce allogeneic transfusion requirements. However, its clinical effectiveness and economic impact remain uncertain. The objective of this..

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Repair of recurrent aortic coarctation after the Norwood procedure without external aortic clamping

Abstract Introduction Aortic arch repair following the Norwood operation remains challenging because of dense adhesions and the risk of phrenic or recurrent nerve injury. We present a novel approach employing..

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Direct Innominate Artery Cannulation for Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion Across the Spectrum of Congenital Aortic Arch Reconstruction

Abstract Background Antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) is widely used during congenital aortic arch reconstruction; however, variability persists regarding cannulation strategies. Direct innominate artery cannulation may simplify arterial access while maintaining..

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Minimally invasive cardiac surgery for tetralogy of Fallot: early outcomes from a single-center experience

Abstract Background While minimally invasive techniques for simple septal defects have demonstrated comparable safety and efficacy to median sternotomy, clinical outcomes following minimally invasive repair of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)..

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The incidence and risk factors associated with severe acute kidney injury and operative mortality in neonates following cardiac surgery: a…

Abstract Background The incidence and risk factors of cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) are variable. We describe the incidence of severe postoperative CS-AKI (i.e., stage 2 or 3 AKI)..

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Preoperative Pulmonary Blood Flow, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, and Lung Inflammation in Children With Congenital Heart Disease: Post Hoc Analysis of a…

Abstract Objective: To evaluate inflammatory biomarkers and lipidomic profiles in tracheal aspirates (TA) of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD), by pulmonary blood flow (Qp) high/low grouping at the time..

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Experiences of surgeons and perfusionists using del Nido cardioplegia in paediatric cardiac surgery: A qualitative sub-study of the DESTINY trial

Abstract Introduction del Nido cardioplegia had not been commercially available in the United Kingdom prior to the DESTINY trial, a multi-centre individually randomised controlled trial to evaluate whether del Nido..

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Introduction of modified blood priming technique in the neonatal and infant populations undergoing congenital heart surgery

Abstract Background: Allogenic blood product transfusion has well-documented risks and adverse outcomes. To limit perioperative transfusions for neonates and infants undergoing cardiac surgery, our institution launched a blood conservation program..

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Cytokine trajectories after cardiopulmonary bypass in children: a systematic review and quantitative synthesis

Abstract Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) provokes a systemic inflammatory response with important consequences for infants and children undergoing repair of congenital heart disease [, , ]. Inflammation engages overlapping coagulation..

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The Heart–Microbiome Axis: Emerging Relevance in Pediatric Cardiology

Abstract The gut microbiome has emerged as an important regulator of cardiovascular physiology through interconnected metabolic, immune, inflammatory, and endocrine pathways. Although the gut–heart axis has been extensively investigated in..

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The dose-effect relationship between red blood cell transfusion volume and adverse events in pediatric cardiac surgery

Abstract Background: Pediatric cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with high transfusion rates. While transfusions increase risks of adverse events, existing evidence cannot differentiate whether risks arise from..

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Survival in Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Nationwide Cohort Study in Japan, 2011–2022

Abstract Objectives: To describe the rate, characteristics, and outcomes of pediatric extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in Japan and evaluate temporal trends. Design: Retrospective cohort using..

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Progress in Understanding Brain Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: A Narrative Review

Abstract The application of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has significantly advanced cardiovascular surgery. However, CPB-associated brain injury remains a critical complication that affects patient prognosis and quality of life. Overt stroke..

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Prolonged hypoxemia before tetralogy of Fallot surgery: Harmful or harmless?

Abstract Introduction Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic heart disease (CHD). The associated cardiac abnormalities disrupt oxygenation and depending on disease severity, infants with TOF syndrome are..

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Cardiovascular Involvement of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Multicentric Observational Study on Mid- and Long-term Follow-up with Cardiovascular Imaging

Abstract Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a relatively rare complication of COVID-19, with frequent cardiovascular involvement, in terms of pericarditis, valvulitis, coronary aneurysms, and myocardial dysfunction/cardiogenic shock...

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ABO-incompatible pediatric lung transplant performed with immunoadsorption column system: A case report

Abstract An 11-month-old infant was admitted to the intensive care unit after cardiorespiratory arrest associated with the parainfluenza virus. Despite interventions, deterioration persisted. Echocardiography revealed severe pulmonary hypertension, tricuspid gradient..

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Population pharmacokinetics of methylprednisolone in neonates and paediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Purpose Methylprednisolone is used during paediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass to attenuate the systemic inflammatory response. However, developmental differences in drug disposition and cardiopulmonary bypass–related factors contribute to..

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Cardiopulmonary Bypass Priming Practices and Blood Product Availability in Neonatal Cardiac Surgery: A European Survey

Abstract Neonatal cardiac surgery requires cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) strategies that minimize hemodilution while maintaining adequate oxygen delivery and hemostatic balance. Despite increasing emphasis on patient blood management (PBM), contemporary CPB..

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The immunomodulatory effect of continuous ultrafiltration during pediatric cardiac surgery

Abstract Background Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with systemic inflammation during pediatric cardiac surgery and features elevated systemic concentrations of complement, cytokines and chemokines. The objective of this study is to..

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Structural Covariance Analysis of Altered Brain Development in Neonates With Congenital Heart Disease After Surgery

Abstract Background Brain development is altered in neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD), with well-characterised reductions in regional brain volumes and enlargement of CSF spaces. However, perioperative morphological changes remain..

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2026 American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) expert consensus statement: Antithrombotic management of neonates/infants undergoing cardiac interventions

Abstract Objectives The hemostatic system in neonates and infants with congenital heart disease is distinct as a result of developmental and disease-specific factors, necessitating population-specific periprocedural evaluation and antithrombotic management...

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Decreasing the post surgical ooze: Utilizing a perioperative guideline to decrease transfusion needs following congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair on ECMO

Abstract Purpose To evaluate changes in post-operative transfusion requirements of infants undergoing congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) repair on ECMO following implementation of a perioperative guideline. Methods In 2021, a multidisciplinary..

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Use of whole blood in pediatric congenital heart surgery

Abstract Objectives Cardiopulmonary bypass is necessary for surgical repair of complex congenital heart disease. We studied whether whole blood use in circuit prime and for initial intraoperative transfusion needs improved..

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Nadir Oxygen Delivery During Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury: A Pilot Cohort Study

Abstract Background: Among infants undergoing cardiac surgery, AKI may affect as many as 40% of this population and carries an unfavorable prognosis. A range of contributors has been implicated, including early..

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Modified Ultrafiltration and Association with Outcomes after Neonatal Cardiac Surgery

Abstract BACKGROUND We sought to determine if modified ultrafiltration (MUF) in the current era was associated with improved outcomes after neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS Retrospective analysis of the PC4/NEPHRON..

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Postoperative Hematocrit and Lactate Trajectory After Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract Lactate clearance is a key marker of oxygen delivery after neonatal cardiac surgery. While higher hematocrit (HCT) is often targeted to optimize oxygen delivery, its relationship with postoperative lactate..

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The evolution of neonatal DCD protocols

      Dr.Sam Zeraatian Nejad Davani,  Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeon Transplant and Thoracic Organs Recovery Surgeon.  Director of Georgia Atlanta Procure on Demand Thoracic Organs Transplant and Procurement Surgery. ..

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Risk factors and outcomes of early postoperative complications following congenital heart surgery: a retrospective study at a tertiary care hospital…

Abstract Introduction Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) remains a major health challenge globally, with surgical interventions being the primary treatment modality for many defects. While advancements in cardiac surgery have improved..

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