Introduction Here, we present a case of forme fruste (incomplete) cor triatriatum dexter (ff-CTD), an incidental finding on pre–cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) that prevented appropriate venous cannulation, leading..
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Abstract Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is essential for cardiac surgery but poses risks, including gaseous micro emboli (GME). While the incidence of stroke—a common clinical consequence of embolism—ranges from 1-5%..
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Abstract OBJECTIVES Dual-lumen cannulas for veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support are typically inserted in the right internal jugular vein (RIJV); however, some scenarios can make this venous route..
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Technical Aspects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Process Overview Blood is drained from the vena caval filters directly into a reservoir. Normally a single two-stage cannula is used (drains blood from the..
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Abstract of the and its tributaries are quite uncommon; however, since the development of , they have been described more frequently. Most of them are usually asymptomatic, although they can have clinical..
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