Abstract Introduction Continuous retrograde cardioplegia worsens surgeon’s vision while performing distal anastomosis in coronary artery bypass grafting operations. We investigated whether intermittent retrograde cardioplegia, which provides a bloodless surgical field..
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Abstract Background Cardioplegia is delivered via antegrade, retrograde, or combined perfusion routes. Antegrade cardioplegia follows the physiological path but may be less effective in patients with severe coronary disease. Retrograde..
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Abstract Background Intermittent antegrade cold-blood cardioplegia followed by terminal warm-blood cardioplegic reperfusion or hot-shot is reported to reduce myocardial injury in the setting of coronary surgery. The efficacy of this..
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