Abstract This systematic review summarizes the major developments in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuitry in pediatrics over the past 20 years and demonstrates the impacts of those developments on clinical outcomes. This systematic review followed structured Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A total of 1987 studies..
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Abstract Objective Acute kidney injury (AKI) following pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is a frequently reported complication. This study aims to determine the critical oxygen delivery (DO2i) threshold associated with postoperative AKI in pediatric patients during cardiopulmonary bypass, and whether it remains clinically important in the context of other..
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Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support requires skills that can only be found in specialized centers. The number of patients annually supported with ECMO is positively associated with the survival rate, so transport to a specialized center is recommended. Some patients are too ill to be transferred under conventional transport (mechanical..
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Abstract Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an important treatment option for organ support in respiratory insufficiency, cardiac failure, or as an advanced tool for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Reports on pediatric ECMO use in our region are lacking. Methods: This study is a retrospective review of all pediatric cases that underwent..
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Abstract Brain death, also commonly referred to as death by neurologic criteria, has been considered a legal definition of death for decades. Its determination involves many considerations and subtleties. In this review, we discuss the philosophy and history of brain death, its clinical determination, and special considerations. We discuss performance..
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Abstract Two equations have been developed from multi-frequency measurements of blood impedance Zb for a simultaneous electrical online estimation of changes in blood hematocrit ΔH [%] and temperatures ΔT [K] in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Zb of fixed blood volumes at varying H and T were measured by an impedance analyzer and changes in blood conductivity σb and relative permittivity εb computed. Correlation analysis were based on..
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Abstract OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate whether there are differences in outcome for pediatric patients when extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is initiated on-hours compared with off-hours. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Ten-year period (2009–2018) in United States centers, from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry. PATIENTS: Pediatric (>30 d and..
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Abstract Objective To assess preoperative hemoglobin and perioperative red blood cell transfusion in children undergoing cardiac surgery after the implementation of a preoperative patient blood management (PBM) clinic with oral iron supplementation. Design A retrospective analysis. Setting A single tertiary hospital. Participants Patients who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass..
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Abstract Background: Extracorporeal circuit coating has been shown to improve coagulation derangements during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study compared platelet function and hemostasis activation in pediatric cardiac surgery conducted with nonheparin coating (Balance; Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) versus heparin-based coating (Carmeda; Medtronic) circuits. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-center trial was conducted in..
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Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to audit current patient blood management practice in children throughout cardiac surgery and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. Design This was a prospective observational cohort study. Setting This was a single-centre study in the cardiac operating room (OR) and PICU in..
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