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Impaired Cerebral Autoregulation in Pediatric Patients with ECMO: A Retrospective Analysis of ECMO Time Periods and Association with Neurologic Injury

Abstract Objective Neurologic injury is common in pediatric patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Impaired cerebral autoregulation (CAR) may increase the risk of neurologic injury. We aimed to measure CAR..

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Comparison of Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loops With Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator Support: In Vitro Investigation

Abstract Background The hemodynamic consequence of increasing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (V-A ECMO) flow on left ventricular (LV) loading is controversial, with in vivo studies reporting conflicting results on left ventricular..

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Program of quality improvement for extracorporeal blood purification therapies in the intensive care unit

Abstract Critically ill patients often require complex extracorporeal treatments, such as extracorporeal blood purification (EBP). At the bedside, there can be reluctance or uncertainty about when to initiate EBP, and..

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Clinical Outcomes of Different Heparin Anticoagulation Monitoring Targets in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Objectives This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes associated with different systemic heparin protocols (conservative v standard intensity) during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Included studies comprised both..

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Feasibility of “Awake” Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation Before Intubation in Children

Abstract When the risk of cardiopulmonary arrest during intubation is high, “awake” extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation with sedation and a natural airway may provide hemodynamic stability and gas exchange..

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Safety and efficacy of OASSIST ECMO system: A first-in-human, multi-center, clinical trial

Abstract Background Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) provides respiratory and circulatory support in patients with severe cardiorespiratory failure. As ECMO technology advances, portability has become an important design consideration for transport..

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Peripheral perfusion noninvasive monitoring technologies - a literature and patent review

Abstract Shock is a life-threatening condition marked by inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygen supply, leading to organ failure if not rapidly addressed. Clinical management of shock involves detecting and correcting..

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Feasibility of estimating cardiac indices using cardiac surgery anesthesia records in a multicenter cohort

Abstract Cardiac index (CI) is a key physiologic indicator correlated with end-organ perfusion in cardiac surgical patients, yet it is not routinely measured in all cases. This study evaluated the..

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Hypothermia exacerbates kidney injury during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Abstract Objective Kidney injury is one of the most common complications of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), yet the renoprotective effects of temperature management during ECPR remain inconclusive. This study aimed..

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Methemoglobin Formation Reflects Systemic Nitric Oxide Uptake: The Critical Role of Delivery Method—Results from Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled…

Abstract Objectives Methemoglobin (metHb) is routinely monitored as a safety marker during inhaled nitric oxide (NO) therapy but may also reflect systemic NO uptake. This study aims to investigate how..

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Synthetic, Population-Based Virtual Patient Database Using a Digital Twin of the Cardiovascular System

Abstract Purpose The goal is to develop a cardiovascular virtual patient database (VPD) combining physiological and demographic data to provide the foundation for future applications in medical diagnostics, decision-making, credibility..

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Rescue strategies combining ultra-protective ventilation and veno-venous ECMO in a patient with near-drowning-related severe ARDS: a case report and literature…

Abstract Background Drowning can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is associated with high mortality and poses substantial clinical management challenges. Ultra-protective ventilation strategy combined with veno-venous extracorporeal..

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Kinetics of Sevoflurane Vaporized Directly in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenators—Ex Vivo Findings and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Simulations

Abstract Background Although sedation is commonly used in patients undergoing venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO), the use of volatile anesthetics is less frequent, and there is limited data on..

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Arterial Cannulation and Brain Perfusion Strategies for Acute Type A Dissection in North America

Abstract Background This study was conducted to determine national trends and effect of cannulation and cerebral/brain perfusion (CP) strategies on outcomes during acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) surgery. Methods..

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Improving outcomes of patients with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is a potentially lifesaving yet resource-intensive organ support option for patients with very severe respiratory failure refractory to optimized conventional management. Mortality remains..

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Hemocompatibility of Emergency Bypass System versus Permanent Life Support extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a propensity score-matched cohort: analysis of hematologic…

Abstract Background The Emergency Bypass System (EBS, Terumo Corporation) and Permanent Life Support (PLS, MAQUET Cardiopulmonary GmbH) platforms differ in pump design and surface coating, which may influence hemocompatibility. This study..

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Artificial intelligence-guided tools in adult ECMO: Current advancements, emerging Trends and future directions

Abstract Introduction Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides life support for patients with refractory cardiac or respiratory failure. The complexity of ECMO management and associated mortality necessitates high-accuracy clinical decision-making systems...

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Proactive versus resuscitative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for low cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery

Abstract Objectives We sought to evaluate extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use for low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) after congenital heart surgery. Our primary aims were (1) to compare hospital mortality..

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Surgical technique of donation after circulatory death heart procurement using direct procurement and hypothermic oxygenated perfusion preservation

Abstract Introduction Donation after circulatory death (DCD) has re-emerged as a means of expanding the donor heart pool. Current clinical practice relies mainly on direct procurement followed by normothermic machine..

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Hemolysis testing in circulatory support pumps: Standards, mock loops, and pulsatility

Abstract Hemolysis evaluation is central to the safety assessment of blood pumps and extracorporeal circulatory support, yet clinically relevant hemolysis continues to occur despite widespread use of standardized in vitro..

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Vascular implications of non-pulsatile flow extracorporeal life support

Abstract Extracorporeal life support has become a widely integrated tool in treating refractor cardiopulmonary failure. Under normal physiologic conditions, arterial blood flow is inherently pulsatile, and cyclic shear stress plays..

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Preventing Stroke in Aortic Arch Operations

Abstract Progress in aortic arch surgery has paralleled advances in cerebral protection. Since DeBakey’s first successful arch repair, neurologic complications have remained a major determinant of outcomes. The evolution of..

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Long-term quality of life and functional outcomes in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survivors

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become an increasingly vital intervention for patients with severe cardiac and respiratory failure, significantly improving short-term survival rates. However, there is growing recognition of..

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ELSO-score: A practical pre-ECMO risk model for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients receiving VA-ECMO

Abstract Background Despite advancements in management strategies, patients with refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) have high mortality. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasingly utilized as temporary mechanical support in these..

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Artificial Intelligence in Adult Cardiovascular Medicine and Surgery: Real-World Deployments and Outcomes

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping adult cardiac surgery, enabling more accurate diagnostics, personalized risk assessment, advanced surgical planning, and proactive postoperative care. Preoperatively, deep-learning interpretation of ECGs, automated..

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Hemofilters versus hemodialyzers: impacts on cytokine removal during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is crucial for surgical repair but is associated with systemic inflammation..

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Prophylactic temporary mechanical circulatory support: The new paradigm in cardiac surgery

Abstract Background Post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS) remains one of the most lethal complications of cardiac surgery, with high in-hospital mortality despite major improvements in operative techniques, and intensive care management...

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A Novel Trans-Septal Cannula for Wearable Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: In Vitro Hemodynamic Evaluation and Placement Feasibility

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supports patients with end-stage heart and lung disease awaiting transplantation. In pulmonary hypertension, veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) is common but linked to vascular complications and limited..

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Factors associated with device-associated health care-associated infections after cardiac surgery: a matched cohort study

Abstract Background The study aimed to identify the patient-related and procedure-related factors independently associated with the development of device-associated health care-associated infections (DA-HAIs) in cardiac intensive care unit (CICU), specifically..

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Hemodynamic monitoring during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A scoping review

Abstract Background In adult patients receiving veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV ECMO), cardiovascular performance plays a critical role in determining oxygen delivery, organ perfusion and safe titration of extracorporeal support...

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