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Association Between Preoperative Iron Deficiency and Postoperative Outcomes in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Objectives To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia and their association with adverse outcomes in children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Design Retrospective review...

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Effects of Inspired Oxygen Concentrations During Cardiopulmonary Bypass on the Pulmonary Function of Patients Undergoing a Modified Morrow Procedure via…

Abstract Background Patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) undergoing minimally invasive modified Morrow procedure may be vulnerable to postoperative pulmonary dysfunction. During cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), lung-protective ventilation has been proposed,..

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Hemodynamic monitoring during ECMO

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an established life-saving therapy for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and cardiogenic shock, yet it profoundly alters cardiopulmonary physiology and challenges conventional hemodynamic monitoring...

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Scoping review of contemporary adult venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) selection criteria and decision-making mechanisms

Abstract Adult venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) is a costly life support therapy, where patient selection remains a significant hinge-point in determining patient outcomes. Despite this, few sites have..

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Comparison of Cannulation Strategies for Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery

Abstract Objectives Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIV-MVS) continues to evolve through refinements in surgical technique and perioperative management. This study evaluated the association between arterial cannulation strategy and perioperative..

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Blood management with preoperative autologous blood in valve-sparing root replacement: separated autologous red blood cells and plasma and fibrin sealant…

Abstract Objectives We investigated the effects of the combined use of preoperatively separated autologous red blood cells, plasma, and fibrin sealant on reducing allogeneic blood transfusion during valve-sparing root replacement..

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Toward standardized guidelines for distal perfusion cannulae in V-A ECMO and ECPELLA: timing, sizing, monitoring, and management

Abstract Acute limb ischemia (ALI) remains one of the most common complications of peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). Across heterogeneous cohorts, reported ALI rates vary widely (≈8–30% and..

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Side Port Resistance Limits Distal Perfusion Flow

Abstract Peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and minimally invasive cardiac surgery often require femoral arterial cannulation, wherein lower limb ischemia remains a major complication. Although introducer sheaths with side..

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Analysis of cerebral hemodynamics in neonates receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

Abstract Background Cerebral hemodynamic disturbances are common in neonates receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), yet systematic data describing changes in cerebral hemodynamics during ECMO support remain limited. This study was..

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Current use and limitations of direct thrombin inhibitors in pediatric ECMO: A European survey

Abstract Introduction Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) are an alternative to unfractionated heparin during pediatric ECMO. We aimed to describe their use and limitations across Europe. Methods Fifty-two pediatric EuroELSO centers..

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Nitrite protects against cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury via inflammation suppression: insights from a rat cardiopulmonary bypass model

Abstract Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) is reported in 20–30% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, leading to poor outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Because the pathophysiology of CS-AKI remains..

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Nitric oxide in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Sweep Gas Promotes Oxygenator Longevity: A Technical Case Report

Abstract In the accompanying article in this issue, we reported the survival of a 4 month old infant with severe necrotizing pneumonia due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus..

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Sevoflurane blood concentrations in patients undergoing mild and moderate hypothermic cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study

Abstract Background We aimed to clarify the changes in sevoflurane blood concentrations in cardiovascular surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) under mild to moderate hypothermia. Methods In this single-center, prospective observational..

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Field-effect transistors for electrophysiological monitoring of cardiac and nervous system

Abstract Electrophysiological signals are fundamental to elucidating the functional states and pathological mechanisms of the cardiac and nervous system. Yet, conventional techniques are constrained by inherent trade-offs between high-throughput capabilities,..

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Perioperative neurocognitive disorders in older patients: a narrative review of current knowledge in 2026

Abstract Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) are frequent and severe complications in older surgical patients, encompassing postoperative delirium, delayed neurocognitive recovery, postoperative neurocognitive disorder, and long-term cognitive impairment. These complications lead..

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Mobile versus in-center ECMO initiation in pediatric patients: a comparative outcome study

Abstract Background ECMO is indicated for respiratory or cardiopulmonary failure despite high oxygen levels, advanced ventilation, and patient optimization, when persistent hypoxemia/hypercapnia threatens life. Aim Compare characteristics and outcomes of..

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Development of a novel anticoagulant and fibrinolytic management monitoring method during extracorporeal circulation using clot-fibrinolysis waveform analysis: the effects of…

Abstract Clot-fibrinolysis waveform analysis (CFWA) enables the simultaneous assessment of coagulation and fibrinolytic functions within a short timeframe. We evaluated the effects of commonly used anticoagulants on coagulation–fibrinolysis balance using..

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Impact of Cell Saver technology on pro-hemostatic factors transfusion in placenta accreta spectrum interventions: A 10-year retrospective single-center study

Abstract Background While Cell Saver technology effectively reduces red blood cell transfusion in the perioperative setting, its impact on the need for pro-hemostatic factors remains unclear. The use of Cell..

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Extracorporeal-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Deployment in the Pediatric Emergency Department Setting: 2000-2023 Report For the American Heart Association’s Get With the Guidelines®-Resuscitation…

Abstract Objectives: Pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) events leading to extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) most often occur in the ICU in cardiac patients. Since there is little information about using..

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Continuous extracorporeal hyperoxygenation therapy reduces carbon monoxide half-life time in a carbon monoxide-poisoned pig model: a feasibility study

Abstract Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a leading cause of toxic exposure-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although hyperbaric oxygen therapy increases CO elimination, its clinical use is limited by accessibility,..

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The hidden myocardium: Why intraoperative hypotension should be treated as myocardial injury prevention rather than a transient anaesthetic variable

Abstract Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) has traditionally been regarded as a transient and largely reversible physiological disturbance inherent to the administration of general and regional anaesthesia. However, contemporary perioperative outcomes research..

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Modeling the Cost-Effectiveness of Incorporating Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Strategy in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of implementing an extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) strategy for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) compared with current practice in Singapore, where it is not..

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Clinical applications of oXiris membranes: Targeting inflammation and renal dysfunction in ICU patients

Abstract The oXiris membrane represents a notable advance in continuous renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients with severe infection, sepsis, and other conditions characterized by immune dysregulation. Built on..

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Management of Shock After Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Postoperative pathophysiology and impact from cardiopulmonary bypass The PCS population is unique due to patients’ exposure to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and temporary cardiac arrest, which are associated with cytokine..

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Physiology, monitoring, and optimisation of perioperative tissue oxygenation: a narrative review

Abstract Maintenance of tissue oxygenation in patients having surgery is important as tissue hypoxia is a major determinant of organ failure. Tissue oxygenation follows a stepwise physiological pathway involving the..

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Case-specific optimal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation configuration for cardiogenic shock in the peripartum period: a case report

Abstract For pregnant patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring veno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), the ideal timing of delivery is uncertain, particularly when complicated by cardiogenic shock...

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Precision neuroprotection in cardiac surgery: a structured narrative review of multimodal, data-driven perioperative care

Abstract Neurological injury remains a major contributor to morbidity, mortality, and long-term cognitive decline in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, despite significant advancements in surgical techniques and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) technology...

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Management of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract Clinical Criteria and Assessment (Hypotension, Hypoperfusion, Rising Lactate, and Escalating Vasopressors) Profound hypotension, ongoing CS despite optimal medical treatment, escalating vasopressor requirements, rapidly deteriorating cardiac function, worsening lactic acidosis,..

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Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Cell Salvage in Cardiac Reoperations

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of cell salvage (CS) use in cardiac reoperations and to conduct a cost analysis considering the Turkish..

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ROTEM versus conventional coagulation tests in evaluating coagulopathy and transfusion requirement in ECMO patients: A retrospective study

Abstract Introduction Critically ill ECMO patients face high bleeding risks from anticoagulation and other factors. Although viscoelastic tests, like ROTEM, are widely used to assess hemostasis, evidence for their superiority..

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