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Machine learning-based prediction of significant intraoperative blood loss to guide risk-adapted blood management decisions in spinal surgery

Abstract Introduction Significant blood loss (≥ 500 mL) during spinal surgery is common and linked to greater transfusion requirements and worse outcomes. Preoperative tools for risk stratification and individualized blood-management strategies..

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Utilization of Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Trauma Patients: A Multi-Institutional Study of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma

Abstract Background The purpose of this descriptive study was to characterize the utilization and outcomes of CPB after trauma. Methods This is an AAST-sponsored retrospective (2011-2021) multicenter (32 centers) study..

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Regional tissue perfusion index (RTPI): a new optical-based metric for quantifying regional tissue perfusion

Abstract Accurate, continuous assessment of regional tissue perfusion remains a significant clinical challenge, as most existing modalities are invasive, indirect, or impractical for routine monitoring. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been..

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Simultaneous quantification of native human and transgenic porcine liver function in a decedent model of extracorporeal cross-circulation

Abstract Porcine livers have the potential to support liver function via extracorporeal liver cross-circulation (ELC) until recovery or transplantation. To assess the functional integrity of both native human and porcine..

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Preoperative Glycemic Status in Elective Cardiac Surgery Procedures: HbA1c Independently Predicts Low Cardiac Output Syndrome and Mortality

Abstract Background: The prognostic value of preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains uncertain. This study investigated the association between preoperative HbA1c levels and the risk of..

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Operating Room Extubation After Cardiac Surgery: A Promising Practice, or a Product of Selection Bias?

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and early outcomes of a standardized operating room extubation (ORE) protocol implemented for elective cardiac surgery patients requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Design A prospective..

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The Impact of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on the Structure and Mechanics of Red Blood Cells: Pilot Study

Abstract Background/Objectives: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) facilitates complex cardiac surgery but can damage erythrocyte membranes, impairing microcirculation and oxygen transport. Standard rheological tests assess overall blood properties but fail to define..

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Alterations in Total and Unbound Remimazolam Concentrations During Cardiac Surgery Requiring Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Single-center Observational Study

Abstract Objectives To monitor temporal changes in total and unbound remimazolam concentrations during cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Design Single-center, prospective, observational study. Setting Operating rooms of a university..

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Smart Clot: An Automated Point-of-Care Flow Assay for Quantitative Whole-Blood Platelet, Fibrin, and Thrombus Kinetics

Abstract Hemostasis depends on the coordinated interaction between platelets, coagulation factors, endothelium, and shear forces. Current point-of-care (POC) assays evaluate isolated components of haemostasis or operate under nearly static conditions,..

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Surface engineering ‘liquid-like’ solid surfaces with nitric oxide releasing polymers to combat biofouling

Abstract ‘Liquid-like’ solid surfaces that overcome the limitations of lubricant-infused slippery surfaces, have garnered attention as passive antibiofouling coatings for biomedical applications. However, lack of intrinsic bioactivity limits its ability to..

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Inguinal Cannulation for Establishing Extracorporeal Circulation in Adult Porcine Model

Abstract Due to the similar size ratios, adult porcine models are suitable for cardiovascular and circulatory physiology studies on extracorporeal circulation. As standard, the connection to the cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP)..

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Capillary refill time: Six rules

Abstract In patients with or at risk of acute circulatory failure, capillary refill time (CRT) has emerged as a prognostic indicator, with data linking prolonged CRT to mortality and adverse..

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Hereditary Antithrombin Deficiency in Pediatric Patients: Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Antithrombin Replacement Therapy

Abstract Antithrombin (AT), a glycoprotein, plays a key role in anticoagulation by inhibiting coagulation proteases. It is also the primary mediator of heparin's anticoagulant effect, with heparin binding amplifying AT..

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Postoperative red cell distribution width to platelet ratio is related to cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the red cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR) for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). Methods A retrospective analysis of..

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Association of prognostic nutritional index with poor outcomes in coronary artery bypass grafting

Abstract Background: The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) is a tool that combines serum albumin levels and lymphocyte count to assess a patient's nutritional and immune status. Malnutrition, often undetected in coronary..

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Cost-revenue analysis of using a haemoadsorbent membrane in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass and ticagrelor

Abstract Background Patients with acute coronary syndrome requiring coronary artery bypass graft surgery while on ticagrelor face a high risk of perioperative bleeding because of its strong antiplatelet effect. The..

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Pediatric ECPR as Bridge to Surgery: Successful Management of Refractory Cardiac Arrest in High-Risk ICD Lead Extraction

Abstract Background Refractory cardiac arrest remains a major challenge in children, with poor survival despite advances in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), defined as rapid deployment of extracorporeal..

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Interpretation of Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays in Cardiac Surgery Patients: Importance of Clinical Context

Abstract BACKGROUND: Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is widely used for point-of-care coagulation testing to reduce blood transfusions. Accurate interpretation of ROTEM data is crucial and requires substantial training. This study investigates..

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Multi-modal pediatric critical care datamart for extracorporeal support prediction and decision support

Abstract Objectives To develop a multimodal pediatric critical care datamart supporting predictive modeling and decision support tool development, integrating high-resolution physiologic and clinical data and future clinical deployment. Materials and..

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The Effects of Tranexamic Acid on Renal Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Compliant With…

Abstract Objective To assess how tranexamic acid (TXA) influences the renal outcomes of cardiovascular surgical patients. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Setting The operating room...

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Oxygen Extraction Trajectories During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Impact Postoperative Outcomes in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Abstract Objectives Goal-directed perfusion strategies during cardiopulmonary bypass typically target indexed oxygen delivery thresholds to reduce acute kidney injury and other complications. This delivery-only paradigm may not fully reflect patient-specific..

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Multimodal characterization of flow-induced thrombus initiation and growth in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract In cases of severe cardiopulmonary failure, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may be temporarily used as a life-saving support for cardiac and/or lung function. Operating under non-physiological flow conditions, characterized..

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From fast track to enhanced recovery after Cardiac surgery: 15 years of experience with the Leipzig concept in a specialized…

Abstract Background Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery (ERACS) has become the standard of care for selected patients. This study evaluated the evolution of the Leipzig concept in a specialized postanaesthesia..

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How does rewarming temperature affect bleeding after mitral valve repair?

Abstract Objective So far, evidence is scarce regarding the impact of rewarming temperature on bleeding after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We seek to evaluate how rewarming temperature affects..

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Building an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Digital Twin Using High-Resolution Patient Data: An artificial intelligence model for virtual reality simulation

Abstract OBJECTIVES Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving therapy for severe cardiopulmonary failure, but structured training remains constrained by costs, logistics, and the absence of validated high-fidelity simulators. This..

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High-Exchange Ultrafiltration to Enhance Recovery After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: The ULTRA Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Background Pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with systemic inflammation. This trial aimed to determine whether continuous high-exchange ultrafiltration during CPB has a clinical immunomodulatory effect...

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Current rat models of extracorporeal life support following global ischaemia: a scoping review

Abstract Introduction Small animal models are indispensable in cardiovascular research. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of contemporary rat models for extracorporeal life support (ECLS) after global ischaemia...

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Association Between Systemic Anticoagulation and Outcomes in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Receiving Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Insights From…

Abstract Objective:  To evaluate whether systemic anticoagulation therapy affects the survival of adult patients receiving venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Design:  Multicenter retrospective study...

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Adjuvant Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel for Decreasing Blood Loss in Posterior Placenta Previa: A Case Series and Literature Review

Abstract We reported two cases of posterior placenta previa managed with elective cesarean delivery and adjunctive autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel. Twelve milliliters of PRP gel were used to cover..

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Recommendations in Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Post Resuscitation Care Via An International, Modified Delphi Approach

Abstract Background The global adoption of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for cardiac arrest is accelerating, reflecting its potential to improve outcomes in select patient populations. Although research has increasingly focused..

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