Monthly Archives: marzo 2026

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Early Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Importance  Neurodevelopmental impairments are common in children with congenital heart disease. Objectives  To compare neurodevelopmental outcomes by cardiac diagnosis and identify associations between medical and social factors and early neurodevelopmental outcomes..

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CytoSorb® haemoadsorption in high-risk cardiac surgery: A focused review with proposed tiered patient selection

Abstract Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) activates a well-characterised systemic inflammatory response that contributes substantially to postoperative morbidity and mortality, particularly in high-risk patient subgroups. CytoSorb® (CytoSorbents Corporation, Princeton, NJ) is a..

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The Role of Cytokines in Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Integrity and Impairment Following Open-Heart Surgery

Abstract Open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a high-risk procedure with significant morbidity and mortality. CPB, tissue injury, blood loss, endotoxemia and ischemia–reperfusion injury induce a pronounced systemic inflammatory..

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Adverse events as key risk factors for in-hospital mortality in intensive care units

Abstract Introduction Intensive care units (ICUs) represent high-risk environments for adverse events (AEs). Preventing these events requires a solid understanding of their epidemiology based on standardized and validated methodologies. The..

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Mechanical Ventilation and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Acute Respiratory Insufficiency

Abstract Background: Invasive ventilation saves lives but carries major risks, including ventilation-associated lung damage and long-term functional impairment. Data from recent studies compel reassessment of the evidence for every step of..

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Nitric Oxide–Releasing Surfaces Reduce Thrombosis in Venovenous Extracorporeal Life Support: A 5 day Long Ovine Study

Abstract Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) components designed to reduce clot formation have been developed, but thrombosis remains a significant challenge, requiring systemic anticoagulation. To address this, we evaluated a nitric..

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Topical use of tranexamic acid for antifibrinolysis in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized clinical study

Abstract Objective To assess the non-inferiority of topical intrapericardial tranexamic acid (TXA) versus intravenous TXA for efficacy and safety in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods In..

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The case for washing red blood cells and platelets – A concise review of donors, processes, and products

Abstract Transfusions are one of the most common procedures performed in the hospital setting, but the frequency of adverse events is often not recognized. These transfusion adverse events include transfusion..

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A novel flow-controlled transaortic catheter venting (TACV) strategy for LV decompression in VA-ECMO: A case report

Abstract Background Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) provides crucial circulatory and respiratory support in refractory cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. However, peripheral VA-ECMO increases left ventricular (LV) afterload through retrograde..

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Feeding under support in critical care illness: metabolic and nutritional management during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and continuous renal replacement therapy

Abstract Purpose of review The use of life-support therapies like extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), mechanical circulatory systems (MCS), and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) creates a complex and dynamic metabolic..

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Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Advances

Abstract Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical clinical syndrome precipitated by the restoration of blood flow following intestinal ischemia, a common occurrence in perioperative settings such as abdominal aortic..

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Impact of transient return of spontaneous circulation and downtime on neurological outcomes following extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac…

Abstract Background Despite recent advancements in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the prognosis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains poor. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) offers potential benefits to improve outcomes of patients..

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Perioperative Patient Blood Management: Evidence-Based Strategies for Surgeons and Anesthesiologists: A Narrative Review

Abstract Patient Blood Management (PBM) has evolved from a transfusion-centered practice to a structured, patient-focused perioperative strategy aimed at improving surgical outcomes while preserving blood resources. In the operating room,..

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Low intraoperative oxygen extraction during heart transplant reduces primary graft dysfunction risk in allografts with prolonged ischemic time

Abstract Objective Prolonged ischemic time remains a major barrier to donor use and is strongly associated with primary graft dysfunction in heart transplantation. We evaluated whether intraoperative recipient metabolic adequacy,..

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Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation or combined vagal and trigeminal nerve stimulation on platelet function and laboratory hemostasis…

Abstract Background Traumatic or surgical hemorrhage causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Electrical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) reduces traumatic hemorrhage in animal models. VNS targets acetylcholine-producing T lymphocytes in the spleen..

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Reference intervals for haptoglobin in neonates and children 30 days to 18 years old

Abstract Background Discovered in 1938, haptoglobin is a liver-produced α2-glycoprotein that binds free hemoglobin, mitigating its toxic effects, and serves as a biomarker for hemolysis. The current study, under the..

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2026 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Expert Consensus Document: Diagnosis and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients who undergo cardiac…

Abstract Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in patients who undergo cardiac surgery presents unique diagnostic and management challenges due to universal perioperative heparin exposure, postoperative platelet kinetics, and the high prevalence..

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Surgical Procurement of a Donor Heart with Complex Congenital and Venous Anomalies

    Surgical Procurement of a Donor Heart with Complex Congenital and Venous Anomalies: PLSVC, Coronary Sinus Dilation, RA Aneurysm, and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) In thoracic organ transplantation, discovering..

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Partial Heart and Lung Transplantation with Two Recipients from One Donor

    Partial Heart and Lung Transplantation: Maximizing Donor Organ Utilization Through Two-Recipient Transplantation Partial heart and lung transplantation is an innovative organ utilization strategy that allows transplantation of thoracic..

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Managing aortic and pulmonary root enlargement in donor organs

      Managing aortic and pulmonary root enlargement in donor organs requires a meticulous, proactive strategy to ensure structural stability before implantation into an emergency recipient. Utilizing a double..

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Perioperative blood management in Jehovah’s Witnesses

Abstract Background Jehova′s Witnesses refuse the administration of allogenic blood products for religious reasons. This stance represents a special challenge for the perioperative management and requires individualized ethically sensitive and..

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Impact of three-dimensional heart models on surgical planning and outcomes in congenital heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Congenital heart disease surgery includes intricate structures that are perhaps hard to completely understand by traditional two-dimensional shapes. Individualised, centre-based three-dimensional (3D) heart models may enhance structural imaging and..

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Early versus late surgical start times for on‐pump cardiac surgery

Abstract Rationale Circadian rhythms affect cardiovascular function, and the timing and severity of stroke and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Afternoon cardiac surgery may improve outcomes by..

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Early oxygenator failure during cardiopulmonary bypass with preserved neurological outcome: a case report

Abstract Background Oxygenator failure during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a rare but potentially catastrophic intraoperative event that can result in sudden hypoxemia and neurological injury if not promptly recognized and..

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Low cardiac index during periods of arterial hypotension and risk of acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery

Abstract Background Cardiac index (CI) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are concurrent determinants of renal perfusion. Hypotension is associated with acute kidney injury (AKI), but clinical trials focused solely on..

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Establishing Cardiopulmonary Bypass Before General Anesthesia in a Patient Undergoing Right Atrial Myxoma Resection

Abstract We describe a case of establishing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) before general anesthesia in a person who has an obstructive right atrial myxoma protruding into the right ventricle (RV). A..

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A Retrospective Analysis of Thromboelastometry and Conventional Laboratory Values in Nonsurgical and Noncardiac Surgery Patients: Not What One Might Expect…

Abstract Background Thromboelastometry is often used to guide coagulation management, but validation outside cardiac surgery is limited. We evaluated correlations between thromboelastometry parameters and conventional laboratory tests in noncardiac patients..

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Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution as a priming fluid for cardiopulmonary bypass: a propensity score matching study

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution(BRS) as a priming fluid for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods A total of 159 patients undergoing..

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Combined Platelet and Red Blood Cell Salvage During Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Patient blood management (PBM) aims to improve patient outcome by managing and preserving a patient’s own blood and its components. Among the many recommended interventions, reducing intraoperative blood loss..

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The American Society of ExtraCorporeal Technology Standards and Guidelines for Pediatric and Congenital Perfusion Practice: 2025 Update

Abstract Background In 2019, the American Society of Extracorporeal Technology (AmSECT) approved the inaugural Standards and Guidelines for Pediatric and Congenital Perfusion Practice. These standards and guidelines were created with the..

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