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Abstract Background The benefit of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in anemic critically-ill patients with cardiovascular disease is uncertain, as is the optimal threshold at which RBC transfusion should be..

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Abstract Thrombosis is a potentially life-threatening complication in veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuits, which may originate from the drainage cannula due to unfavorable blood flow dynamics. This study aims to..

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  The echo lady; Lorena De Vanna, is a cardiac and respiratory physiologist graduated from the Central University of Venezuela. She currently holds British Society of Echocardiography accreditation and works..

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Endocarditis is an infection of the endocardium, which is the inner lining of your heart chambers and heart valves. Endocarditis generally occurs when bacteria, fungi or other germs from another..

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Part 1 – Introduction and Morphology Part 2 - Surgical Strategies Part 3 - Can We Improve Outcomes Before Birth? Part 4 - Immediate Care After Birth Part 5 -..

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Visceroatrial situs refers to the position and configuration of the cardiac atria, the tracheobronchial tree, and the thoracoabdominal viscera. Accurate determination of situs is essential because anomalies of situs are..

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Abstract Objective To examine the altitude differences in the optimal perfusate oxygenation (PpO2) in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Methods We included children (aged 1 month to 18 years) with  surgically repaired between..

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  Abstract     OBJECTIVES Cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgery has been associated with several deleterious effects including haemodilution and systemic inflammation. Modified ultrafiltration (MUF) has been well established in..

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How to suspect pulmonary vascular disease ?!  Here are some useful points: - Estimation of systolic pulmonary pressure - Pulmonary artery size and doppler - Right atrium / ventricle and..

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        Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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Case report Obstructive accessory mitral valve tissue in an adult patient. Background Accessory mitral valve tissue AMVT is a rare congenital Cardiac malformation that sometimes causes left ventricular outflow tract..

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        Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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    Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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Giant aorta from chronic aortic dissection: The true light and false trombised light is appreciated. Furthermore it is possible to observe the breach of entrance which feeds and supplies the..

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Type 1R     Type 4LR Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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  Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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  Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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  Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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Lipomatosis hypertrophy of the interatrial septum▫️ is a rare and benign cardiac pathology characterized by the accumulation of adipose tissue; according to some studies, performed on autopsy findings, it constitutes..

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Bicuspid valve Type 2 without Rafe, with formation of bacterial endocarditis.   Pierluigi Incarnato,  TFCPC Cardiovascular and Abdominal Techinician Sonographer, Cardiac Physiologist at San Michele Nursing Home (Italy)    

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How do we know something is normal if we haven't seen the abnormality first? Normal MV vs a metallic MV replacement.   The echo lady; Lorena De Vanna, is a..

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Are most commonly seen between six and 10 days following an acute myocardial infarction (MI). They occur at the left ventricular apex and are more common following an anterior wall..

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Aortic dissection is when the weakened wall of the aorta tears, causing blood to leak between the layers that makes up the wall. This can happen suddenly or slowly over..

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A dilated aortic root is when the first section of the aorta, where the aortic valve resides, becomes enlarged. When this enlargement reaches a critical size, there is a risk..

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Normal aortic valve opening properly Vs a heavily calcified aortic valve with severe stenosis.   The echo lady; Lorena De Vanna, is a cardiac and respiratory physiologist graduated from the..

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Left ventricular (LV) hypertrabeculation is defined by the presence of three or more trabeculations apically and up to the level of papillary muscles, seen in one echocardiographic view. It can..