
Abstract
PULMONARY EMBOLISM (PE) remains a significant healthcare challenge, ranking as the third leading cause of mortality worldwide, following coronary artery disease and stroke.1 In the United States, mortality rates among patients presenting with hemodynamically unstable PE are alarmingly high across all demographic groups. Without treatment, PE carries a 30% mortality rate within 30 days, with 11% of patients dying within the first hour of hospital presentation. Nearly 70% of PE-related deaths occur within the first hours of symptom onset, driven by a rapid cascade of events leading to clinical deterioration.2 These figures highlight the urgent need for timely recognition and intervention. Beyond its high mortality, PE also imposes substantial morbidity and economic burden, with nearly half of all patients requiring rehospitalization within 1 year.3
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