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Detecting Oxygenator Thrombosis in ECMO: A Review of Current Techniques and an Exploration of Future Directions

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-support technique used to treat cardiac and pulmonary failure, including severe cases of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) involving acute respiratory distress syndrome. Blood..

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Children who suffer cardiac arrest more likely to survive at ECMO capable hospitals

Abstract Children who experience cardiac arrest are one and a half times more likely to survive at a hospital capable of providing the life support system called ECMO, research suggests...

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Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with infarct-related cardiogenic shock: an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials

Abstract Background Venoarterial  (VA-ECMO) is increasingly used  with  despite the lack of evidence from adequately powered . Three trials reported so far were underpowered to detect a survival benefit; we therefore conducted an individual..

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Micellar Encapsulation of Propofol Reduces its Adsorption on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator (ECMO) Circuit

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving cardiopulmonary bypass device used on critically ill patients with refractory heart and lung failure. Patients supported with ECMO receive numerous drugs to..

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Outcomes of a modified, low-cost, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) for elective, periprocedural support of high-risk percutaneous cardiac interventions:…

Abstract Introduction High-risk procedures in interventional cardiology include a wide spectrum of clinical and anatomical scenarios related to a higher periprocedural morbidity and mortality. The prophylactic use of short-term mechanical..

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Pilot Testing of a Lightweight, Pulmonary Assist System in an Ambulatory Sheep Model of Destination Therapy Respiratory Support

Abstract A new, lightweight (2.3 kg), ambulatory pulmonary assist system (PAS) underwent preliminary evaluation in ambulatory sheep. The PAS was purposefully designed for long-term extracorporeal respiratory support for chronic lung..

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A Simple Formula for Predicting Ventricular Distension With Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Left ventricular (LV) distention is a known complication of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) due to increased afterload stress. The consequences of LV distension include elevated pulmonary venous pressures leading to pulmonary edema and increased wall..

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Bridging the gap: safety and outcomes of intensivist-led ECMO retrievals

Abstract Purpose: Most extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulations are performed by cardiothoracic surgeons (CTS). Due to an increase in utilization of ECMO and limited availability of CTS, there is a mismatch..

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Transfusion of red blood cells in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A multicenter retrospective observational cohort study

Abstract Background Evidence-based recommendations for transfusion in patients with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) are scarce. The current literature is limited to single-center studies with small sample sizes, therefore..

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Bilateral Femoral Cannulation Is Associated With Reduced Severe Limb Ischemia-Related Complications Compared With Unilateral Femoral Cannulation in Adult Peripheral Venoarterial…

Abstract Objectives:  Peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with femoral access is obtained through unilateral or bilateral groin cannulation. Whether one cannulation strategy is associated with a lower risk for limb ischemia remains unknown...

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Use of Perioperative Extracorporeal Membranous Oxygenation in Pulmonary Endarterectomy Cases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Introduction Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is known to be a curative intervention for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Its complications include endobronchial bleeding, persistent pulmonary arterial hypertension, right ventricular failure,..

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Naming and Unnaming in the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Literature

Abstract We are grateful for the readers’ interest and suggestions relevant to our original contribution entitled “Pulmonary Artery Dual-Lumen Cannulation Versus Two Cannula Percutaneous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Configuration in Right..

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The Obesity Paradox in Patients in Need of ECMO

Abstract  The Obesity Paradox in Patients in Need of ECMO

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A quality improvement initiative to increase adult ECMO decision-making abilities in a perfusion education program: The use of 3D ECMO…

Abstract Introduction Adult and pediatric ECMO procedures have been increasingly established as conventional life-saving modalities in critical care services across the world. Since 2017, a multidisciplinary team of program advisors..

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Weaning Failure From Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Insufficiency

Abstract Objective:  Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors for weaning failure from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in patients with severe acute respiratory insufficiency. Design:  Single-center retrospective observational study. Setting:  Sixteen beds medical ICU at the University..

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Pulsatile Flow During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract Over a million cardiac operations are performed annually. Most surgeries use cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to operate on a non-beating heart in a bloodless environment while maintaining systemic perfusion and..

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ABO Blood Group and Bleeding and Survival in VA-ECMO Patients

Abstract ABO blood group has been shown to be a major determinant of plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels. O blood group is associated with the lowest vWF levels and..

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Circuit change during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: single-center retrospective study of 48 changes

Abstract Background Bleeding and thrombosis induce major morbidity and mortality in patients under extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO). Circuit changes can be performed for oxygenation membrane thrombosis but are not recommended..

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Outcomes of patients with respiratory failure declined for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a prospective observational study

Abstract Purpose Descriptive information on referral patterns and short-term outcomes of patients with respiratory failure declined for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is lacking. Methods We conducted a prospective single-centre observational..

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The interaction of thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, and platelet transfusion in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a multicenter observational study

Abstract Background Thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage and platelet transfusion are common in patients supportedwith venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO). However, current literature is limited to smallsingle‑center experiences with high degrees of..

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Mechanical Ventilation during ECMO: Best Practices

Abstract Adults and children who require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory failure remain at risk for ongoing lung injury if ventilator management is not optimized. This review serves as a..

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Interest Grows in LAVA-ECMO

Abstract LAVA-ECMO has recently gained attention in the medical community, specifically, as support for cardiogenic-shock patients. In particular, interest has picked up since it was highlighted at the 2023 Houston..

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Trends on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Associated With Acute Brain Injury in Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract We aimed to determine the association between cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) trends from cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (cNIRS) and acute brain injury (ABI) in adult venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) patients. ABI was defined as..

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The Burden of Survivorship After Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Black Box

Abstract Due to advances in critical care medicine over the past several decades, the number of survivors of critical illness continues to grow despite increased severity of illness (). There..

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to advanced heart failure therapies

Abstract Background Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a key support modality for cardiogenic shock. The 2018 United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) heart transplant allocation algorithm prioritizes VA-ECMO patients...

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Current and Future Engineering Strategies for ECMO Therapy

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a last resort therapy for patients with respiratory failure where the gas exchange capacity of the lung is compromised. Venous blood is pumped through..

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A Narrative Review of the Impact of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Critical Care Therapies

Abstract Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) utilization is increasing on a global scale, and despite technological advances, minimal standardized approaches to pharmacotherapeutic management exist. This objective was to create a..

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Effects of adding the second drainage cannula in severely hypoxemic patients supported with VV ECMO due to COVID-19-associated ARDS

Abstract Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a recognized method of support in patients with severe and refractory acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. While veno-venous (VV)..

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ECMO PAL: using deep neural networks for survival prediction in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Purpose: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a complex and high-risk life support modality used in severe cardiorespiratory failure. ECMO survival scores are used clinically for patient prognostication and..

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Therapeutic Hypothermia for Refractory Hypoxemia on Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An In Silico Study

Abstract Patients with respiratory failure may remain hypoxemic despite treatment with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). Therapeutic hypothermia is a potential treatment for such hypoxia as it reduces cardiac output (�˙�) and oxygen consumption. We modified a previously..

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