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Persistent clotting protein pathology in Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is accompanied by increased levels of antiplasmin

Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2)-induced infection, the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is characterized by acute clinical pathologies, including various coagulopathies that may be accompanied..

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Comparison of Hemostatic Changes in Pump-driven Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal and Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) has gained widespread use as a supposedly less invasive alternative for hypercapnic respiratory failure besides venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO). Despite technological advances,..

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Coagulation activation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

Abstract Introduction  (ECMO) can be life-saving, but suffers from  in the circuit with associated risks of  occlusion,  and . The formation of thrombin is the key step to thrombus formation and two factors are..

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Combining Heparin and a FX/Xa Aptamer to Reduce Thrombin Generation in Cardiopulmonary Bypass and COVID-19

Abstract Known limitations of unfractionated heparin (UFH) have encouraged the evaluation of anticoagulant aptamers as alternatives to UFH in highly procoagulant settings such as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Despite progress, these..

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Blood Protection Method: Retrograde Autologous Prime

Blood Protection Method: Retrograde Autologous Prime   In order to carry out open heart surgery, the functions of the heart and lungs must be stopped and the blood inside the..

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Efficacy of Bivalirudin for Therapeutic Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients Requiring ECMO Support

Abstract Objectives The  (COVID-19) pandemic has been associated with cases of refractory  (ARDS) sometimes requiring support with  (ECMO).  can be used for  in patients on ECMO support, but its efficacy and safety in patients with..

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The Interplay of Inflammation and Coagulation in COVID-19 Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support

Abstract Objective Bleeding and thrombosis are common complications during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) support for COVID-19 patients. We sought to examine the relationship between inflammatory status, coagulation effects, and observed..

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Neurological Complications in COVID-19 Patients With ECMO Support: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background Patients with  (COVID-19)-related  (ARDS) increasingly receive  (ECMO) support. While ECMO has been shown to increase risk of stroke, few studies have examined this association in COVID-19 patients. Objective We conducted a..

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The Effectiveness of Three Different Curricular Models to Teach Fundamental ECMO Specialist Skills to Entry Level Perfusionists

Abstract The dramatic increase in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) over the last decade with the concomitant need for ECMO competent perfusionists has raised questions of how well..

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Renal and Cerebral Hypoxia and Inflammation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and brain injury remain common despite ongoing efforts to improve both the equipment and procedures deployed during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The pathophysiology of injury..

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Blood Pumps for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Platelet Activation During Different Operating Conditions

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a therapy used in severe cardiopulmonary failure. Blood is pumped through an artificial circuit exposing it to nonphysiologic conditions, which promote platelet activation and..

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2021 ELSO Adult and Pediatric Anticoagulation Guidelines

Abstract Anticoagulation is necessary for most pediatric and adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients to prevent circuit clotting. Inherently, the most common side effect of anticoagulation is bleeding. Anticoagulation during..

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Apical thrombus

Always check the apex, even if you don't see any regional wall motion abnormalities! This was an LV apical thrombus resolved after anticoagulation. LV thrombus can occur within 24 h after..

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Prothrombin complex concentrates in cardiac surgery: where are we?

Abstract Purpose of review  Major bleeding in cardiac surgery is commonly encountered, and, until recently, most frequently managed with fresh frozen plasma (FFP). However, a Cochrane review found this practice..

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Antithrombin III infusion improves anticoagulation in congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Purpose Achieving effective anticoagulation during neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) without increasing the risk of hemorrhage remains challenging. The use of antithrombin III (AT-III) for this purpose has been..

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Basics of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

History of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation  is the ability to supplement native pulmonary and/or cardiac function in the setting of native system failure. Development of modern  life support devices began with the..

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Bleeding Complications in Patients With Perioperative COVID-19 Infection Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Matched Case-Control Study

Abstract Objective Previous studies reported a poor outcome in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) undergoing cardiac surgery. Complications most frequently described were respiratory failure, renal failure, and thromboembolic events. In..

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Impact of Intraoperative Salvaged Blood Autotransfusion During Obstetric Hemorrhage on the Coagulation Function: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Abstract Objective This study aimed to explore the effect of intraoperative blood salvage (autotransfusion) on coagulation function in the rescue of an obstetric hemorrhage. Methods A total of 65 pregnant..

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Bleeding and Thrombotic Events During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Postcardiotomy Shock

Abstract Background  management during venoarterial  (ECMO) is particularly difficult in postcardiotomy shock patients given a significant bleeding risk. We sought to determine the effect of  treatment on bleeding and thrombosis risk for..

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Pulmonary Transplant After More Than 1 Year of Continuous Ambulatory Extracorporeal Support

Abstract While extracorporeal support of patients awaiting pulmonary transplantation is now well-established, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains a nondurable technology deployed for short-term support or recovery in patients with progressive..

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Cytokine Adsorption Therapy during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adult Patients with COVID-19

Abstract Respiratory failure and systemic inflammation are paramount features of severe SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy has a potential role in patients with refractory disease. An inflammatory..

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Validation of the relationship between coagulopathy and localization of hydroxyethyl starch on the vascular endothelium in a rat hemodilution model

Abstract Various anticoagulant properties have been associated with hydroxyethyl starch (HES). However, the mechanism remains unclear and it has not been fully considered whether these properties are beyond the dilutional..

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Infective Endocarditis Is a Risk Factor for Heparin Resistance in Adult Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures: A Retrospective Study

Abstract Objectives Heparin resistance (HR), defined as a decrease in heparin responsiveness, can result in adverse events with prolonged duration of surgery. Although some clinical risk factors have been suggested,..

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Sonoclot Signature Analysis: A New Point-of-Care Testing Method for Defining Heat Stroke-Induced Coagulopathy

Abstract Purpose: Data regarding the incidence of a coagulable state following heat stroke as assessed by Sonoclot signature analysis are limited. Our purpose was to appraise coagulopathy using a dynamic test..

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An ex vivo comparison of partial thromboplastin time and activated clotting time for heparin anticoagulation in an ovine model

Abstract Background Sheep are a primary model of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) with heparin anticoagulation therapy frequently being monitored by activated clotting time (ACT) due to ease and cost. In..

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Antithrombin Dose Optimization in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Infants

Abstract Anticoagulation in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is challenging, with significant morbidity and mortality associated with thrombotic complications. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is commonly used, which depends on native antithrombin (AT)..

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Comparison of Bivalirudin Versus Unfractionated Heparin for Anticoagulation in Adult Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) contributes to coagulopathy, necessitating systemic anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis. Traditionally, unfractionated heparin (UFH) has been the anticoagulant of choice, however, due to many inadequacies new evidence suggests..

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A pumpless artificial lung without systemic anticoagulation: The Nitric Oxide Surface Anticoagulation system

Abstract Background Artificial lungs have the potential to serve as a bridge to transplantation or recovery for children with end-stage lung disease dependent on extracorporeal life support, but such devices..

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A Uniform and Robust Bioinspired Zwitterion Coating for Use in Blood-Contacting Catheters with Improved Anti-Inflammatory and Antithrombotic Properties

Abstract Inflammation and thrombosis are two major complications of blood-contacting catheters that are used as extracorporeal circuits for hemodialysis and life-support systems. In clinical applications, complications can lead to increased..

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Use of laboratory testing for prediction of postoperative bleeding volume in cardiovascular surgery

Abstract Background Coagulopathy and following massive bleeding are complications of cardiovascular surgery, particularly occurring after procedures requiring prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Reliable and rapid tests for coagulopathy are desirable for..

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