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Novel approach to measuring clot burden of an oxygenator during ECMO

Joe presents data on the commonality of clot burden in the ECMO circuit and how difficult it is to detect without a tool that can directly measure intra-oxygenator volume in..

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ECMO and anticoagulation management

The learner will be able to discuss anticoagulation strategies for patients on ECMO.   

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Argatroban Anticoagulation for Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review

Abstract Background: Heparin is the widely used anti-coagulation strategy for patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Nevertheless, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and acquired anti-thrombin (AT) deficiency preclude the use of heparin..

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2020 ESC Guidelines for the management of Adult Congenital Heart Disease

  Since the previous version of the Guidelines on the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (CHD) was published in 2010, new evidence has accumulated for this patient group, particularly..

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Viscoelastic Coagulation Monitor as a Novel Device to Assess Coagulation at the Bedside. A Single-Center Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Viscoelastic coagulation monitor (VCM) is a portable device developed to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of whole blood activated by contact with glass. In this study, VCM was employed to analyze..

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Improving Hemocompatibility: How Can Smart Surfaces Direct Blood To Fight against Thrombi

Abstract Nature utilizes endothelium as a blood interface that perfectly controls hemostasis, preventing the uncontrolled formation of thrombi. The management of positive and negative feedback that finely tunes thrombosis and..

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Cardiopulmonary bypass in a child with severe Factor XII deficiency

Abstract Factor XII (FXII) deficiency presents as a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) but is not associated with clinically significant bleeding. Activated clotting time (ACT) is used routinely to..

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Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

Abstract Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is an immune-mediated disorder caused by antibodies that recognize complexes of platelet factor 4 and heparin. Thrombosis is a central and unpredictable feature of this syndrome. Despite..

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Association of D-dimer and Fibrinogen With Hypercoagulability in COVID-19 Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Background: D-dimer concentration has been used by institutions to identify candidates for intensified anticoagulant treatment for venous thromboembolism prevention and for the mitigation of the microthrombotic complications associated with..

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Minimal invasive extracorporeal circulation preserves coagulation integrity

Abstract Introduction: Coagulopathy after cardiac surgery is a serious multifactorial complication that results in postoperative bleeding requiring transfusion of red blood cells and procoagulant products. Use of cardiopulmonary bypass represents..

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Anticoagulation and Transfusion Management During Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Objectives:  To compare current practices within the United States of anticoagulation management and blood transfusion in neonatal and pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients with a 2013 international report. Design: ..

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Balancing the Blood Component Transfusion Ratio for High- and Ultra High–Dose Cell Salvage Cases

Abstract Objective To assess the ratio of non-red blood cell to red blood cell components required to avoid coagulopathy when transfusing large amounts of salvaged blood using laboratory test–guided therapy...

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Bivalirudin anticoagulation for left ventricular assist device implantation on an extracorporeal life support system in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibodies

Abstract OBJECTIVES Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) requires alternative anticoagulation strategies. We investigated outcomes in patients with HIT antibodies undergoing low-dose bivalirudin anticoagulation during left ventricular assist device implantation on an extracorporeal..

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ECMO Biocompatibility: Surface Coatings, Anticoagulation, and Coagulation Monitoring

Abstract The interaction between the patient and the ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) circuit initiates a significant coagulation and inflammatory response due to the large surface area of foreign material contained..

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Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation without therapeutic anticoagulation for intra-operative cardiopulmonary support during lung transplantation

Abstract Cardiopulmonary support is frequently required during lung transplantation. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) has been recently shown to be an acceptable and, perhaps, safer alternative to cardiopulmonary bypass machine..

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Predictors of intracranial hemorrhage in adult patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an observational cohort study

Abstract Background Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a recognized complication of adults treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the predictors of ICH..

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Key Points for Curbing Cardiopulmonary Bypass Inflammation

Abstract PURPOSE: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures are thought to activate systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome (SIRS). Strategies to curb systemic inflammation have been previously described. However, none of them is adequate,..

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Carbon dioxide dialysis in a swine model utilizing systemic and regional anticoagulation

Abstract Background Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) has been gaining interest to potentially facilitate gas transfer and equilibrate mild to moderate hypercapnic acidosis, when standard therapy with non-invasive ventilation is..

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Detection of coagulopathy in paediatric heart surgery [DECISION study]: study protocol

Abstract Background Each year in the UK, ≈3000 children undergo major cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Approximately 40 % of these experience excessive bleeding necessitating red cell transfusion or treatment with..

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Use of a fixed, body weight-unadjusted loading dose of unfractionated heparin for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Abstract Background Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is being used increasingly in the emergency and critical care field in Japan. A major complication of ECPR is bleeding; however, the optimal initial..

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Randomized, Double‐Blinded, Placebo‐Controlled Trial of Fibrinogen Concentrate Supplementation After Complex Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Background Postoperative bleeding after heart operations is still a common finding, leading to allogeneic blood products transfusion. Fibrinogen and coagulation factors deficiency are possible determinants of bleeding. The experimental..

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Comparison of Anticoagulation Strategies in Patients Requiring Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Objectives:  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a life-sustaining therapy for severe respiratory failure. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits require systemic anticoagulation that creates a delicate balance between circuit-related thrombosis and bleeding-related..

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Is the use of hydroxyethyl starch as priming solution during cardiac surgery advisable? A randomized, single-center trial

Abstract Introduction: The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) leads to increased fluid filtration and edema. The use of artificial colloids to counteract fluid extravasation during cardiac surgery is controversial. Beneficial..

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Bleeding during veno-venous ECMO cannot reliably be predicted by rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM™)

Abstract Introduction: Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vvECMO) used for respiratory support is associated with clinical bleeding in at least one third of patients. Mechanisms promoting bleeding, like acquired von Willebrand..

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Relationship Between Transfusion of Blood Products and the Incidence of Thrombotic Complications in Neonates and Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Objectives The authors hypothesized that transfusion of blood products in neonates and infants undergoing high-risk cardiac surgery in the absence of intraoperative coagulation monitoring increases the risk of thrombotic..

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Bleeding and thrombosis associated with ventricular assist device therapy

Abstract Over the past decade, continuous-flow rotary pumps have dramatically improved survival for patients with advanced . Bleeding and thrombosis, however, continue to be the Achilles heel of  (LVAD) therapy. There is..

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International survey on the perioperative management of pulmonary endarterectomy: the perfusion perspective

Abstract Introduction: Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the most effective treatment available for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Patient selection, surgical technique and perioperative management have improved patient outcomes, which are..

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Silicon Micropore‐Based Parallel Plate Membrane Oxygenator

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life support system that circulates the blood through an oxygenating system to temporarily (days to months) support heart or lung function during cardiopulmonary..

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Hemodilution on Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Thromboelastography Patterns and Coagulation-Related Outcomes

Abstract Objective  has been associated with both  and  in studies based on  (TEG). Severe hemodilution during  (CPB) is a risk factor for morbidity in cardiac surgery. This study investigated the effects of different degrees..

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Thromboelastography during coronary artery bypass grafting surgery of severe hemophilia A patient – the effect of heparin and protamine on…

Abstract Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) in hemophilia patients is challenging. Thromboelastography (TEG) is useful to assess hemostasis perioperatively. A patient with severe hemophilia A underwent CABG with TEG studies...

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