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ECMO Assistance during Mechanical Ventilation: Effects Induced on Energetic and Haemodynamic Variables

Abstract Background and Objective Simulation in  may help clinicians understand the important events occurring during  and . During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of patients have required hospital admission to tertiary referral..

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Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Cardiac Bypass: The Careful Balance between Clotting and Bleeding

Abstract Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired autoimmune condition characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibody, and anti-β2 glycoprotein-I antibody) which leads to clinical thrombosis via a..

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Computed tomography angiography as an adjunct to computational fluid dynamics for prediction of oxygenator thrombus formation

Abstract Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit performance can be compromised by oxygenator thrombosis. Stagnant blood flow in the oxygenator can increase the risk of thrombus formation. To minimize thrombogenic potential,..

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Successful Heart Transplantation Recovered From a Brain-Dead Donor on Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support

Abstract We describe the successful transplantation of a brain-dead donor supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) after cardiac arrest secondary to pulmonary embolism. The donor was a 50-year-old female..

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Low vs standardized dose anticoagulation regimens for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A meta-analysis

Abstract Background To compare the safety and efficacy of low-dose anticoagulation (LA) with that of standardized dose anticoagulation (SA) for patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods PubMed, MEDLINE,..

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Physiological Basis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal in Respiratory Failure

Abstract Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for severe respiratory failure has seen an exponential growth in recent years. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) represent two modalities that can..

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Investigation of air bubble properties: relevance to prevention of coronary air embolism during cardiac surgery

Abstract Although de‐airing procedures are commonly performed during cardiac surgery, use of these procedures is not necessarily based on evidence. Uncertainly remains around the size of bubbles that can be..

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Preoperative Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumps in Cardiac Surgery: A Propensity Score Analysis

Abstract Introduction The role of intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) in high-risk patients undergoing  (CABG) surgery remains controversial. We report the 5-year experience from a new Australian centre. Methods We retrospectively analysed..

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Antecedent ACE-inhibition, inflammatory response, and cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury

Abstract Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may trigger organs damage, including kidney injury, due to a massive cytokine release. In this observational, prospective study, we analyzed the possible impact of chronic treatment..

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Is there a renoprotective value to leukodepletion during heart valve surgery? A randomized controlled trial (ROLO)

Abstract Background Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) adversely affects outcomes after cardiac surgery. A major mediator of AKI is the activation of leukocytes through exposure to the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. We..

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: How Do We Expand Capacity in the COVID-19 Era?

Abstract Despite advances in medical technology, the mortality rate for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains high at around 40% []. In recent years, multiple studies, systematic reviews, and..

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Changes in Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Systems During the Perioperative Period of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Abstract Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) has a high risk of perioperative bleeding and often requires extensive blood product infusions. Analysis of the changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis..

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Establish a Nomogram of Cardiac Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

Abstract Objectives: Cardiac postoperative cognitive dysfunction (c-POCD) is a common complication. This article established a nomogram by analyzing preoperative and intraoperative data to help identify high-risk patients and take effective..

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Impact of CytoSorb on kinetics of vancomycin and bivalirudin in critically ill patients

Abstract CytoSorb is a promising tool to treat severe inflammatory status with multiple mechanisms in the acute care setting. Its effect on drugs is, however, poorly documented in vivo, although..

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Prone Positioning of Nonintubated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Objectives:  Several studies have reported prone positioning of nonintubated patients with coronavirus diseases 2019–related hypoxemic respiratory failure. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of prone positioning on..

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Impact of chronic kidney disease in 29 893 patients undergoing transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement from the German Aortic…

Abstract OBJECTIVES Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a key risk factor in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). We analysed the impact of..

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The Right Ventricle in COVID-19 Lung Injury: Proposed Mechanisms, Management, and Research Gaps

Abstract CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is a complex multisystem disorder primarily characterized by pulmonary involvement.  Although lung injury leading to..

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Bedside angiography of distal perfusion catheter for veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ipsilateral lower extremity (ILE) outcomes of patients who underwent bedside angiography via the distal perfusion catheter while on femoral..

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The heart of the ageing endurance athlete: the role of chronic coronary stress

Abstract Moderate physical exercise is associated with an irrefutable reduction in cardiac morbidity and mortality. The current guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate exercise or 75 min of..

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Axial flow ventricular assist devices in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction

Abstract Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains the leading cause of death in patients hospitalised with acute myocardial infarction with mortality as high as 40%–50% prior to hospital discharge. The failure of..

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Alcohol Septal Ablation for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Word of Endorsement

Abstract Twenty years after the introduction of alcohol septal ablation (ASA) for the treatment of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the arrhythmogenicity of the ablation scar appears to be overemphasized. When systematically..

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Therapeutic Manipulation of Myocardial Metabolism: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Abstract The mechanisms responsible for the positive and unexpected cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes remain to be defined...

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ST Segment Elevation in a Patient With Myocardial Metastases

Abstract A man in his 70s with a history of multiple prior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMIs) and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung with metastatic disease to the brain..

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Paediatric intensive care challenges caused by indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted people of all ages. Although children have been largely spared from the direct impact of the pandemic and only a minority..

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How to help a weak heart

Abstract In this interview, the renowned cardiac surgeon Thierry Carrel explains what happens when the heart becomes weak, what the different treatment options are and why the new approach from..

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Superior Myocardial Protection Using “Polarizing” Adenosine, Lidocaine, and Mg2+ Cardioplegia in Humans

Abstract  with current methods of  is still incomplete , , . Several studies have shown that hyperkalemic solution may lead to cell injury , . Adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium (ALM) is a new normokalemic, “polarizing” method of cardioplegia that..

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Comparison of 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate With Frozen Plasma for Management of Hemorrhage During and After Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Importance  Approximately 15% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery receive frozen plasma (FP) for bleeding. Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) have logistical and safety advantages over FP and may be a..

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Minimally Invasive Versus Sternotomy for Mitral Surgery in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Objective The safety of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) in elderly patients is still debated. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing..

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Extubate Before Venovenous Extracorporeal Membranous Oxygenation Decannulation or Decannulate While Remaining on the Ventilator? The EuroELSO 2019 Weaning Survey

Abstract Patients who receive venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) support upon failure of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and other adjuncts, including low tidal volume, prone positioning, adjusted positive end-expiratory pressure, and..

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We Asked the Experts: Autotransfusion for the Provision of Blood in Lower-and-Middle-Income Countries

Abstract Space travel is often touted as the pinnacle of human progress, with the current missions to Mars an example thereof []. For those living in Lower-and-Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), this..

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