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Centrifugal and Roller Pumps in Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an invaluable means of supporting critically ill children with refractory respiratory or cardiac failure. Controversy remains; however, whether roller or centrifugal pumps are superior,..

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The Potential Role of Extracorporeal Cytokine Removal in Hemodynamic Stabilization in Hyperinflammatory Shock

Abstract Hemodynamic instability due to dysregulated host response is a life-threatening condition requiring vasopressors and vital organ support. Hemoadsorption with Cytosorb has proven to be effective in reducing cytokines and..

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Factor XI Inhibition to Uncouple Thrombosis From Hemostasis: JACC Review Topic of the Week

Abstract Hemostasis and thrombosis are believed to be so intricately linked that any strategies that reduce thrombosis will have an inevitable impact on hemostasis. Consequently, bleeding is viewed as an unavoidable..

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Costs and consequences of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: A cohort study

Abstract Objectives  (AKI) is common after cardiac surgery. We quantified the mortality and costs of varying degrees of AKI using a population-based cohort in Alberta, Canada. Methods A cohort of..

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Anatomy of Mitral Valve Complex as Revealed by Non-Invasive Imaging: Pathological, Surgical and Interventional Implications

Abstract Knowledge of mitral valve (MV) anatomy has been accrued from anatomic specimens derived by cadavers, or from direct inspection during open heart surgery. However, today two-dimensional and three-dimensional transthoracic..

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Comparison of stored red blood cell washing techniques for priming extracorporeal circuits

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to compare three different blood washing techniques and describe the differences for the composition of the washed red blood cells (RBC). Methods:..

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How to Turn It Down: The Evidence and Opinions Behind Adult Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Weaning

Abstract Adequate and durable recovery in patients supported with venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be challenging to predict. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning is the process by which the..

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Virtual reality device training for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a last resort therapy for patients with terminal respiratory failure. In the current worldwide surge of critically ill patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19),..

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ECMO During a Pandemic: A COVID-19 Quality Improvement Process

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a modified form of cardiopulmonary bypass and a complex adult critical care therapy. No evidence appears to exist on sustaining relevant quality nursing standards during..

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Priming solution for neonatal and pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract The Priming volume of the oxygenators has been reduced by 75% during the last two decades and it is now possible to go safely on bypass with a priming..

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Why is saline so acidic (and does it really matter?)

Abstract Commercial 0.9% saline solution for infusion has a pH around 5.5. There are many reasons for this acidity, some of them still obscure. It is also true that infusion..

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Impact of minimal invasive extracorporeal circulation on perioperative intravenous fluid management in coronary artery bypass surgery

Abstract Objective: Compare the use of blood products and intravenous fluid management in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass surgery and randomized to minimal invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC) and conventional..

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Noninvasive Urine Oxygen Monitoring and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of cardiac surgery. An intraoperative monitor of kidney perfusion is needed to identify patients at risk for AKI. The authors..

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Sequestration of Dexmedetomidine in Ex Vivo Cardiopulmonary Bypass Circuits

Abstract Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a sedative used in combination with other drugs in neonates and infants undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study aimed to evaluate the disposition..

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Evaluation of Seizure Risk in Infants After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in the Absence of Deep Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Background Guidelines recommend evaluation for electrographic seizures in neonates and children at risk, including after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Although initial research using screening electroencephalograms (EEGs) in infants after CPB..

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Reversal of renal tissue hypoxia during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass in sheep by increased pump flow and arterial pressure

Abstract Aim Renal tissue hypoxia during cardiopulmonary bypass could contribute to the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury. We tested whether renal tissue hypoxia can be alleviated during cardiopulmonary bypass by..

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Predicting Intensive Care Unit Length of Stay After Acute Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery Using Machine Learning

Abstract Background: Patients with acute type A aortic dissection are usually transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery. Prolonged ICU length of stay (ICU-LOS) is associated with higher level..

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Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with concomitant Impella versus concomitant intra-aortic-balloon-pump for cardiogenic shock

Abstract Introduction: The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and Impella are left ventricular unloading devices with peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in place and later serve as bridging therapy when..

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Synthetic Material Abdominal Swabs Reduce Activation of Platelets and Leukocytes Compared to Cotton Materials

Abstract During surgical procedures, cotton abdominal swabs with their high absorptive capacity and malleability are used to retain organs and absorb blood or other body fluids. Such properties of the..

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Month-long Respiratory Support by a Wearable Pumping Artificial Lung in an Ovine Model

Abstract Background.  A wearable artificial lung could improve lung transplantation outcomes by easing implementation of physical rehabilitation during long-term pretransplant respiratory support. The Modular Extracorporeal Lung Assist System (ModELAS) is..

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Intraoperative renal hypoxia and risk of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Renal hypoxia may precede clinically detectable AKI. We compared the efficacy of two indices of renal..

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Ex situ machine preservation of donor livers for transplantation: HOPE for all?

Abstract Liver transplantation has become a victim of its own success. Shortage of organs is limiting access to this life-saving treatment. Despite this, many organs are refused for transplantation based..

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Cytokine adsorption in severe, refractory septic shock

Dear Editor, Septic shock and the underlying dysregulated inflammatory host-response remain major contributors to mortality in critically ill patients. In contrast to classic hemofiltration strategies, cytokine adsorption through bulk removal..

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Essential Topics in the Management of Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Abstract FOR MORE THAN a year, patients around the world have dealt with the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Most patients with..

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The role of three-dimensional printed cardiac models in the management of complex congenital heart diseases

Abstract Background Three-dimensional printing is a process enabling computer-assisted conversion of imaging data from patients into physical “printed” replicas. This has been extrapolated to reconstructing patient-specific cardiac models in . The..

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Neurocognitive, Quality of Life, and Behavioral Outcomes for Patients With Covert Stroke After Cardiac Surgery: Exploratory Analysis of Data From…

Abstract BACKGROUND:  Asymptomatic brain ischemic injury detected with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is reported in more than one-half of patients after cardiac surgery. There are conflicting findings on whether..

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To prone or not to prone ARDS patients on ECMO

Abstract This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2021. Other selected articles can be found online at https:// www...

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Effect of strict intraoperative blood pressure management strategy on postoperative acute kidney injury in non-cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis of randomised…

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious perioperative complications. 20% to 40% of high-risk patients who undergo non-cardiac surgery have AKI and those with AKI..

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Unilateral versus bilateral cerebral perfusion during aortic surgery for acute type A aortic dissection: a multicentre study

Abstract   OBJECTIVES The aim of this retrospective multicentre study was to investigate and compare clinical outcomes of unilateral and bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) strategies on cerebral protection during..

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Invasive Hemodynamic and Physiologic Considerations in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) is a therapeutic modality used in patients with pulmonary, cardiac, or combined cardiopulmonary failure when other methods of organ support have failed. Venovenous (VV) ECMO..

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