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Prothrombin Complex Concentrates to Treat Coagulation Disturbances: An Overview With a Focus on Use in Infants and Children

Abstract Various factors may lead to coagulation disturbances following cardiopulmonary bypass and surgery for congenital heart disease. In addition to the risks associated with the administration of allogeneic blood products,..

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Predictors of Survival and Favorable Neurologic Outcome in Patients Treated with eCPR: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR) can improve survival in selected patients with cardiac arrest (CA). In this meta-analysis, we evaluated factors associated with short-term survival and favorable neurologic outcome (FNO)..

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Cerebrum and Cardiac Protection with Allopurinol in Neonates with Critical Congenital Heart Disease Requiring Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CRUCIAL):…

Abstract Background Neonates with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are at risk of brain injury that may result in adverse neurodevelopment. To date,..

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Early Use of Methylene Blue in Vasoplegic Syndrome: A 10-Year Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study

Abstract Background: Vasoplegic syndrome is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. This retrospective, single-center study aimed to evaluate the effect of early use of methylene..

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Initial experience with minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation in coronary artery bypass graft reoperations

Abstract AIMS OF THE STUDY: Minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC) is an established alternative to conventional extracorporeal circulation (CECC) in coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), but data on its use in cardiac reoperations..

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Impact of the inspiratory oxygen fraction on the cardiac output during jugulo-femoral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the rat

Abstract Background Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) with femoral access has gained wide acceptance in the treatment of critically ill patients. Since the patient´s cardiac output (CO) can compete..

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Stone heart syndrome after prolonged cardioplegia induced cardiac arrest in open-heart surgery – a pilot study on pigs

Abstract OBJECTIVES : To investigate Stone Heart Syndrome (SHS) as consequence of prolonged ischemic arrest in an experimental study on pigs in regards to onset of SHS and pathological changes...

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Waitlist Outcomes for Children With Congenital Heart Disease: Lessons Learned From Over 5000 Heart Transplant Listings in the United States

Abstract Background We evaluated the impact of pediatric heart-allocation policy changes over time and the approval of the Berlin ventricular assist device (VAD) on waitlist (WL) outcomes for children with..

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Management of Circuit Air in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Single Center Experience

Abstract Air in circuit in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an emergency. Different protocols have been suggested to deal with this rare but fatal complication, but their efficacies..

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Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Rewarming Using Dual-Lumen Cannula in Accidental Hypothermia

Abstract Accidental hypothermia with a core temperature below 28°C is associated with an increased risk of hemodynamic instability. It is difficult to predict which patients will survive with a favorable..

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Routine Neuroimaging: Understanding Brain Injury in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation*

Abstract OBJECTIVES:  This project aims to describe brain injuries on routine neuroimaging in a large single-center neonatal and pediatric cohort supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The study also aims to..

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Discrete responses of erythrocytes, platelets, and von Willebrand factor to shear

Abstract Despite decades of technological advancements in blood-contacting medical devices, complications related to shear flow-induced blood trauma are still frequently observed in clinic. Blood trauma includes , , and degradation of High..

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A Theoretical Model of Flow Disruptions for the Anesthesia Team During Cardiovascular Surgery

Abstract Objectives  This investigation explores flow disruptions observed during cardiothoracic surgery and how they serve to disconnect anesthesia providers from their primary task. We can improve our understanding of this..

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulae-related Infection: Diagnostic Difficulties and Potential Prevention

Abstract We read with interest the recently-published article by Winiszewski et al. detailing the prevalence and risk factors associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulae-related infections (CRIs). Winiszewski highlights a number of..

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Is bivalirudin an alternative anticoagulant for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Anticoagulation is important for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Heparin is widely used; however, in some cases, it is not suitable for patients. Bivalirudin has been recently proposed for..

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Using machine learning to predict perfusionists’ critical decision-making during cardiac surgery

Abstract The cardiac surgery operating room is a high-risk and complex environment in which multiple experts work as a team to provide safe and excellent care to patients. During the..

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Efficacy of Del Nido Cardioplegia in Adult Cardiac Procedures with Prolonged Aortic Cross Clamp Time

Abstract Purpose Equivalent myocardial protection and clinical outcomes have been demonstrated with the use of del Nido (DC) when compared to blood cardioplegia (BC) in adult isolated CABG and valve..

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PATHOBIOLOGY OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION INJURY

Abstract This review presents an integrated approach to the analysis of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury and the modulating influence of myocardial conditioning during the evolution of acute myocardial infarction..

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Cerebral Oximetry-Monitored Nitroglycerin Infusion and Tissue Perfusion during Rewarming of Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Trial

Abstract Background: Nitroglycerin facilitates microcirculation and oxygen delivery through vasodilation. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation and potential hypotension on tissue perfusion under..

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Case Report of a Successful Pediatric Central Venovenous Extracorporeal life Support via Right Atrium-Pulmonary Artery Cannulation for Severe Chest Trauma…

Abstract Hypoxemic arrests due to severe traumatic pulmonary injury may not respond to usual medical support. Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) can be life-saving; adequate flows are needed in this setting..

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Measuring the Resting Energy Expenditure in Children on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Prospective Pilot Study

Abstract Both overfeeding and underfeeding critically ill children are problematic. This prospective pilot study evaluated the resting energy expenditure in infants and children requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. An..

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Pump-controlled retrograde trial off for weaning from adult veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation – a retrospective observation cohort

Abstract Background The optimal strategy of weaning veno-arterial (V-A) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains poorly described. Pump-controlled retrograde trial off (PCRTO) involves serial decremental pump revolutions until a retrograde flow..

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How to avoid rapid carbon dioxide changes at the start of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Role of end-tidal CO2 monitoring

Abstract Background: Venovenous ECMO is a lifesaving technique for patients with severe respiratory failure. Management of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels at ECMO start is crucial, as recent studies found an association..

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Initial results from an enhanced recovery program for pediatric cardiac surgical patients

Abstract Background Over recent years, a number of enhanced recovery programs have appeared in first, adult colorectal surgery, and subsequently many other adult surgical specialties. Increasing interest in this approach..

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Validation of the Masimo O3™ regional oximetry device in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Abstract We assessed the accuracy of Masimo O3™ regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) readings by comparing them with reference values and evaluated the relationship between rSO2 and somatic tissue oxygen saturation..

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Hemodynamic oxygenator exchange-related effects during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the treatment of acute SARS-CoV-2 respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract Few patients with coronavirus disease 2019–associated severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) require veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). Prolonged VV-ECMO support necessitates repeated oxygenator replacement, increasing the risk for..

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Platelet Dysfunction in Cardiac Surgery: When is the Best Time to Assess It? An Observational Single Center Study

Abstract Purpose. Cardiac surgery is characterized by a high risk of complications related to perioperative bleeding. Guidelines suggest the use of local algorithms based on perioperative point-of-care tests to assess and..

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The Association Between Angiotensin II and Renin Kinetics in Patients After Cardiac Surgery

Abstract BACKGROUND:  Hyperreninemia after cardiac surgery is associated with cardiovascular instability. Angiotensin II (AT-II) could potentially attenuate hyperreninemia while maintaining target blood pressure. This study assesses the association between AT-II..

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Does the Volume and Constitution of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Priming Fluids Affect Blood Loss After Cardiac Surgery in Children?

Abstract Pediatric patients, especially neonates and infants, undergoing cardiac surgery, are at particularly high risk for developing surgical bleeding. After separation from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), excessive bleeding in children frequently..

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