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Hypothermic versus Normothermic Temperature Control after Cardiac Arrest

Abstract BACKGROUND The evidence for temperature control for comatose survivors of cardiac arrest is inconclusive. Controversy exists as to whether the effects of hypothermia differ per the circumstances of the..

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Improving Trendelenburg position effectiveness by varying cardiopulmonary bypass flow

Abstract Introduction Trendelenburg position (TP) is used to transport gaseous emboli away from the cerebral region during cardiac surgery. However, TP effectiveness has not been fully considered when combined with..

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Beneficial Effect of Prone Positioning During Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Coronavirus Disease 2019

Abstract OBJECTIVES:  The study investigated the impact of prone positioning during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory failure on the patient outcome. DESIGN:  An observational..

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The Evolution of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuitry and Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Children: A Systematic Review

Abstract This systematic review summarizes the major developments in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuitry in pediatrics over the past 20 years and demonstrates the impacts of those developments on clinical..

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Cardiac surgery on patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on global surgery. In particular, deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the heart and cardiovascular system have been described. To..

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Comparison of venous pCO2 and exhaust pCO2 for calculating CO2 production during cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Introduction Carbon dioxide production (VCO2i), oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery can be monitored during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) as markers for tissue perfusion. This study examines if inline venous pCO2..

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Ethics Considerations Regarding Artificial Womb Technology for the Fetonate

Abstract Since the early 1980’s, with the clinical advent of in vitro fertilization resulting in so-called “test tube babies,” a wide array of ethical considerations and concerns regarding artificial womb technology..

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Targeting arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients using extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal

Abstract Background A retrospective analysis of SUPERNOVA trial data showed that reductions in tidal volume to ultraprotective levels without significant increases in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) for..

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Blood volume estimation in cardiac surgery – A comparative analysis

Abstract Introduction This paper seeks to identify which of three published formulas used for estimating the blood volume of normal human subjects correlates most closely with blood volumes measured in..

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Intra-aortic balloon pump for left ventricular unloading in VA-ECMO: timing is everything

Abstract An editorial published in April 2022 discusses the benefits and pitfalls of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) combined with intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) to manage CS. The complete manuscript,..

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Limiting calcium overload after cardiac arrest: The role of human albumin in controlled automated reperfusion of the whole body

Abstract Background Regarding the overall inadequate results after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the development of new treatment concepts is urgently needed. Controlled Automated Reperfusion of the whoLe body (CARL) represents a therapy..

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Acute air embolism caused by autotransfusion during percutaneous atrial septal defect closure: A case report

Abstract Atrial septal defect is a common congenital heart disease in adults and it is often asymptomatic. Percutaneous device closure is gaining popularity, but percutaneous repair of atrial septal defect..

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Biomaterials as Haemostatic Agents in Cardiovascular Surgery: Review of Current Situation and Future Trends

Abstract Intraoperative haemostasis is of paramount importance in the practice of cardiovascular surgery. Over the past 70 years, topical haemostatic methods have advanced significantly and today we deal with various..

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Warm humidified CO2 insufflation improves pericardial integrity for cardiac surgery: a randomized control study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Flooding the surgical field with dry cold CO2 during open-chamber cardiac surgery has been used to mitigate air entrainment into the systemic circulation. However, exposing epithelial surfaces to cold,..

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Whole Blood Adsorber During CPB and Need for Vasoactive Treatment After Valve Surgery in Acute Endocarditis: A Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract Objectives Patients with endocarditis requiring urgent valvular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass are at a high risk of developing systemic inflammatory response syndrome and septic shock, necessitating intensive use of..

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Effect of aortic cannulation depth on air emboli transport during cardiopulmonary bypass: A computational study

Abstract Introduction Varying the insertion depth of the aortic cannula during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been investigated as a strategy to mitigate cerebral emboli, yet its effectiveness associated with CPB..

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The Pathophysiology of The Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Perspective From The Blood Coagulation System

Abstract The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a hypercoagulability associated to vascular thrombosis and/or obstetric morbidity, is caused by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies such as..

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Gaseous Microemboli in the Cardiopulmonary Bypass Circuit: Presentation of a Systematic Data Collection Protocol Applied at Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino

Abstract Air emboli are reported to enter the cardiovascular system during cardiac surgery despite air-bubble filters in the arterial line of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A potential association with stroke,..

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Predictors of Survival and Ventricular Recovery Following Acute Myocardial Infarction Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Therapy

Abstract The use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) following acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) is increasing, but the ability to predict favorable outcomes with support remains limited...

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and left ventricular unloading: What is the evidence?

Abstract Although mechanical circulatory support (MCS) has been used to support patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) for many years, recent advances in device technology, together with the lackluster performance of..

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Glycemic Control in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Different Perspective

Abstract Background Hyperglycemia during coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) strongly predicts intra- and post-operative adverse consequences. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the quality of glycemic management during CABG..

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Computational fluid dynamics analysis of endoluminal aortic perfusion

Abstract Introduction In peripheral percutaneous (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) procedures the femoral arteries perfusion route has inherent disadvantages regarding poor upper body perfusion due to watershed. With the advent..

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Clinical outcomes among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated by extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: the CRITICAL study in Osaka

Abstract Aim Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is performed in refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients, and the eligibility has been conventionally determined based on three criteria (initial cardiac rhythm, time..

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Comparison of coagulation monitoring using ROTEM and Sonoclot devices in cardiac surgery. A single-centre prospective observational study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Viscoelastic tests (VETs) are recommended during cardiac surgery to monitor coagulation status and guide transfusion. We compared the results of two VETs, the Sonoclot Analyzer and the ROTEM..

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Blood Product Utilization in Patients With COVID-19 on ECMO

Abstract Introduction Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been associated with improved outcomes in COVID patients with respiratory failure, data regarding the need for blood product utilization in this population..

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The Use of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers in Ex Vivo Machine Perfusion of Donor Organs for Transplantation

Abstract There has been significant progress in the development of ex vivo machine perfusion for the nonischemic preservation of donor organs. However, several complications remain, including the logistics of using human blood..

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Preparing Clinicians for a Clinical World Influenced by Artificial Intelligence

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are poised to transform the way health care is delivered. AI is the use of computers to simulate intelligent tasks typically performed..

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Use of Percutaneous Cannulation in Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery

Abstract Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has evolved in its practice over the past several years. Percutaneous cannulation is a technique that can be used during MICS to facilitate cardiopulmonary..

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Sonoclot’s usefulness in prediction of cardiopulmonary arrest prognosis: A proof of concept study

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of measuring whole blood coagulation with Sonoclot to predict return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with out-of-hospital..

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Oxygen Delivery in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and its Association with Acute Kidney Injury using Machine Learning

Abstract Objective Acute kidney injury (AKI) following pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is a frequently reported complication. This study aims to determine the critical oxygen delivery (DO2i) threshold associated..

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