Abstract Objectives To evaluate whether furosemide administration before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with altered intraoperative urinary oxygen tension (PuO₂) and early postoperative renal outcomes in patients undergoing elective on-pump..
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Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 40–50% of cardiac surgery patients and is closely linked to renal medullary hypoxia. Although urinary oxygen partial pressure (PuO2) offers real-time insight into renal..
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