Abstract Background For decades, the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been a reliable and readily available pillar of therapy for cardiogenic shock (CS). However, no clinical markers have been validated..
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Introduction The heart is nature’s pulsatile pump, delivering rhythmic surges of blood critical not only for oxygen transport but also for maintaining vascular health. Cardiopulmonary bypass, a lifesaving intervention, often..
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Abstract Despite technological advances in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) technology, which have made survival competitive with heart transplantation at 2 years, right ventricular failure (RVF), with an incidence of..
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Abstract Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) results in short-term (3–5 h) exposure to flow with diminished pulsatility often referred to as “continuous flow”. It is unclear if short-term exposure to continuous flow..
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