Abstract Cardiac surgery causes direct trauma to cardiac tissue, breaches the pericardium, and disrupts the normal composition of the fluid largely produced from the myocardial interstitium and epicardial and visceral..
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Abstract Advances in cardiopulmonary bypass equipment have played a critical role in improving outcomes for cardiac surgery patients. Recent advancements include reduced priming volumes, biocompatible coatings and gaseous microemboli handling,..
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