Abstract Background: Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion during cardiac surgery is associated with complex metabolic alterations that reflect both myocardial injury and recovery. This prospective study aimed to characterize intraoperative lactate, pH, and..
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Abstract The relevance of right atrial pressure (RAP) as the backpressure for venous return (QVR) and mean systemic filling pressure as upstream pressure is controversial during dynamic changes of circulation...
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