Abstract Introduction Bloodless cardiac surgery refers to open-heart surgery without blood or blood products. The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits are primed with crystalloid solely, and there is no intraoperative blood..
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ABSTRACT Background: Blood transfusions are the most common type of tissue and organ transplantation. Perioperative and postoperative transfusions may cause morbidity and mortality and transfusion should based on only hematocrit values..
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