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Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Versus Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Assisted CPR in Children: A Retrospective Analysis of Outcomes and Factors Associated with Conversion…

Abstract Background/Objectives: Conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) has been the foundational resuscitation approach for decades. Where CCPR is unsuccessful, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-assisted CPR (ECPR) may improve outcomes. Predicting failure of CCPR..

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Impaired cerebral autoregulation in children

Abstract Managing acute brain injury involves protecting the brain from secondary injury by addressing the mismatch between metabolic demand and cerebral perfusion. Observational studies have associated impaired cerebral autoregulation, a..

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Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on late-onset hyperlactatemia after pediatric cardiac surgery

Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of operative and postoperative parameters on late-onset hyperlactatemia (LOHL) after cardiac surgery in the pediatric patient population.Methods: One hundred fifty-nine ventricular septal defect..

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Minimally invasive cardiac surgery in congenital heart diseases: the new horizon

Abstract Introduction Sternotomy has been the most common approach for the correction of congenital cardiac defects, and questions arise surrounding the safety, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of implementing minimally invasive techniques..

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Successful Management of a Penetrating Cardiac Injury by Date Palm Thorn: A Case Report

Abstract Penetrating cardiac injury in children is a life-threatening emergency. The initial reaction of the witness and medical team management plays a crucial role in survival. We are reporting a..

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Goal-directed Perfusion to Reduce Acute Kidney Injury After Pediatric Cardiac Operation

Abstract Background Although goal-directed perfusion (GDP) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been discussed extensively in adult studies, no pediatric indexed oxygen delivery (Do2i) thresholds are universally accepted, and no pediatric..

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Diagnosing Nosocomial Infections During Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Nosocomial infections are one of the most frequent complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and are associated with increased mortality (). Bloodstream infections present a particular problem because of..

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Cerebral Hemodynamic Monitoring via Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Risk-Stratified Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate mean cerebral blood flow velocity, gaseous microemboli (GME) counts, regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2), and clinical outcomes using multimodality neuromonitoring..

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Circular Shunt: A Loop Not to Be Ignored

Abstract A circular shunt, initially described by Shone et al. in 1962, refers to abnormal blood recirculation through complete intracardiac or intra- and extracardiac communications, bypassing the capillary beds. This..

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Prothrombotic Microvesicle Generation in Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Pilot Observational Study

Abstract Over 10% of children develop thrombosis after cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease. Children with a single ventricle physiology have the highest risk of thrombosis associated with increased length..

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The Association Between Platelet Transfusion and Acute Kidney Injury Following Fontan Surgery

Abstract Objectives: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between transfusion and increased organ dysfunction. We sought to determine the association between transfusion of blood components (red blood cell [RBC], plasma, platelet,..

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Comprehensive surgical technique for the neonatal and infant Ross Konno procedure – technical pearls

Abstract The Ross Konno procedure is a technically demanding operation in neonates and infants, particularly in small babies and those with significant aortic annular and left ventricular outflow tract hypoplasia...

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Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in neonates with transposition of the great arteries: 15 years of experience

Abstract OBJECTIVES Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can act as a bridge to recovery in both pre- and postoperative patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA). However, literature on its..

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Timing of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in infant cardiac surgery: a single-centre retrospective study of clinical outcomes

Abstract Background Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) is a critical therapeutic intervention that is commonly used in the management of paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). This procedure..

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Use of Inhaled Tranexamic Acid for Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Pediatric Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support

Abstract Bleeding is a common complication of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), is multifactorial, and results in significant morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary hemorrhage represents a serious adverse event in pediatric patients..

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Racial and Sex Disparities in Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Neonatal Extracorporeal Life Support in the United States

Abstract The impact of race on extracorporeal life support (ECLS) availability, morbidity, and mortality remains poorly defined. We sought to define the impact of race/ethnicity, sex, and location on ECLS..

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Neonatal venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation technique

Peripheral cannulation for initiation of neonatal venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an essential technical skill in the armamentarium of every congenital cardiac surgeon and is necessary for the care of..

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Pump‐controlled retrograde trial off extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning strategies are not standardized. When dealing with patients with complex physiologies and borderline haemodynamics, it is prudent to have a fail-safe method of approaching decannulation..

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Trends in Cardiac Arrest Outcomes & Management in Children with Cardiac Illness Category Compared to Non-Cardiac Illness Category: An Analysis…

Abstract Introduction Contemporary rates of survival after pediatric in-hospital CPR events and trends in survival over the last 20 years have not been compared based on illness category. We hypothesized that..

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Urine biomarkers, acute kidney injury, and fluid overload in neonatal cardiac surgery

Abstract Background:Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) and fluid overload (FO) are common among neonates who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass, and increase mortality risk. Current diagnostic criteria may delay diagnosis. Thus,..

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Daily Surveillance Blood Cultures in Children Supported With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study, 2021–2023

Abstract Objective:  Diagnosing bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be challenging due to circuit-controlled temperature, altered hemodynamics, and questionable reliability of inflammatory markers in critically..

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Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in neonates with transposition of the great arteries: 15 years of experience

Abstract OBJECTIVES Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can act as a bridge to recovery in both pre- and postoperative patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA). However, literature on its..

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The first case of central Y–Y extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation system in a pediatric patient

Abstract The mechanical circulatory support (MCS) for pediatric patients with severe acute heart failure and poor pulmonary conditions is challenging. Herein, we report the first pediatric case of successfully treated..

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Implementation of Bundled Interventions to Reduce Surgical Site Infections in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Quality Improvement Project

Abstract Pediatric patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery are at increased risk for health care–associated infections, especially surgical site infections (SSIs). Delayed sternal closures are associated with prolonged lengths of stay and..

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Best Practices for Vessel Management in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation, Decannulation, and Follow-up: A Narrative Review

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to support neonates and children with cardiopulmonary failure was first described in the 1970s, since which time its use has expanded to an increasingly complex..

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CO2 field-flooding devices offer potential value for cardiopulmonary bypass procedures for CHD performed via a right-side small incision approach

Abstract Objective This study sought to evaluate the value of a CO2 field-flooding device in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgical procedures for congenital heart disease (CHD) performed via a right-side small incision..

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Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting perioperative transfusion in children undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB

Abstract Background Timely recognition of perioperative red blood cell transfusion (PRT) risk is crucial for developing personalized blood management strategies in pediatric patients. In this study, we sought to construct..

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for Chinese neonates with severe respiratory and cardiac failure

Abstract Objective We aimed to outline the experience with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for respiratory and cardiac failure in neonates in our institution and compare our results with those from..

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