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Outcomes in Children Who Undergo Postcardiotomy Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Report From the STS-CHSD

Abstract Background Children who undergo cardiac surgery may require postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Although morbidities are considerable, our understanding of outcome determinants is limited. We evaluated associations between patient..

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Early Use Experience of the Crescent Right Atrial Cannula for Neonatal Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is associated with fewer neurological complications and decreased mortality compared to veno-arterial (VA) ECMO in neonatal respiratory failure. The Crescent right atrial (RA)..

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Randomized Trial of Pulsatile and Nonpulsatile Flow in Cyanotic and Acyanotic Congenital Heart Surgery

Abstract Background The study objective was to determine the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion modalities on cerebral hemodynamics and clinical outcomes in congenital cardiac surgery patients stratified by acyanotic versus..

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Application comparison of paediatric myocardial protection procedures in arterial switch surgery

Abstract Background Reliable myocardial protection is essential for a good outcome after arterial switch operation. Patients and Methods We evaluated 56 neonates with arterial switch operation in this retrospective study...

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Short term outcomes of the first pediatric cardiac surgery program in Rwanda

Abstract Background While the number of cardiac surgery programs in sub-Saharan Africa are increasing, it is still insufficient. With only 0.08 pediatric cardiac surgeons per million people, few cardiac centers..

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Preoperative Serum Ferritin Level and Acute Kidney Injury after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant complication in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Iron metabolism-related indicators such as ferritin may predict AKI after adult cardiac surgery. However, it..

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Using artificial intelligence to predict post-operative outcomes in congenital heart surgeries: a systematic review

Abstract Introduction Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents the most common group of congenital anomalies, constitutes a significant contributor to the burden of non-communicable diseases, highlighting the critical need for improved..

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Factors associated with activated clotting time following heparin administration in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass: A retrospective study

Abstract Introduction The recently recommended activated clotting time (ACT) to be maintained at the initiation of and during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is ≥480 s. However, the post-unfractionated heparin (UFH) administration ACT..

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A randomized study on the impact of optimized modified ultrafiltration on the physiological parameters of infants and children undergoing a…

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to assess the impact of optimized modified ultrafiltration (OMUF) on the physiological parameters of infants and children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods..

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“Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcomes in multisystem inflammatory syndrome of childhood – An extracorporeal life support organization registry study”

Abstract Multisystem inflammatory disease in childhood (MIS-C) is a novel pediatric syndrome after a COVID-19 infection that causes systemic injury, with potential life-threatening hemodynamic compromise requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)..

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Unifocalization of Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Arteries (MAPCAs) and Native Pulmonary Arteries in Infancy—Application of 3D Printing and Virtual Reality

Abstract Background. Major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) are rare remnants of pulmonary circulation embryological development usually associated with complex congenital anomalies of the right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary arteries...

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Cerebral air embolism in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Abstract Objective Cerebral air embolism during Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass is a severe complication with significant neurological risks. We present six pediatric cases, detailing their presentation, management, and outcomes. The discussion reviews..

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Bedside repositioning of a migrated avalon ECMO cannula in an infant: Novel technique

Abstract Background: Although the Avalon Elite bi-caval dual lumen catheter for veno-venous extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) has many advantages, it requires precise positioning and dislodgement is common. Case presentation: A 2-year-old male..

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Association Between Arterial Hyperoxia and Mortality in Pediatric and Adult Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract BACKGROUND:  In patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, the association between arterial hyperoxia and outcomes is unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association..

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Pre-operative transcranial Doppler ultrasound assessment of cerebral collateral circulation in children undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or cardiac surgery

Abstract Children requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) or cardiac surgery often undergo cervical cannulation or carotid artery clamping, which can interrupt cerebral circulation. Inadequate collateral flow through the..

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Cerebral Protection in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Cardiac surgery, both adult and pediatric, has developed very rapidly and impressively over the past 7 decades. Pediatric cardiac surgery, in particular, has revolutionized the management of babies born..

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Minimizing Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Incidence, Early Detection, and Preemptive Measures

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) poses a significant challenge in pediatric cardiac surgery, having a profound impact on patient morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the incidence..

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The association between changes in cerebral hemodynamics and cerebrovascular complications during ECMO treatment in neonates

Abstract Objective To investigate whether changes in cerebrovascular hemodynamic parameters during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment in neonates are associated with the occurrence of cerebrovascular complications. Methods This study selected..

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The early decline in platelet count is associated with increased adverse outcomes in non heparin-induced thrombocytopenia pediatric patients undergoing VA-ECMO

Abstract Introduction The impact of non heparin-induced thrombocytopenia on the clinical outcomes for pediatric cardiac surgery patients who required veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane support (VA-ECMO) for failure to wean from cardiopulmonary..

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Hemostatic Outcome Definitions in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Challenges in Cohorts From Rotterdam (2019–2023) and Melbourne (2016–2022)

Abstract Objectives:  To determine if a priori standardization of outcome hemostatic definitions alone was adequate to enable useful comparison between two cohorts of pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients, managed..

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Prolonged Extracorporeal Circulation Leads to Inflammation and Higher Expression of Mediators of Vascular Permeability Through Activation of STAT3 Signaling Pathway…

Abstract Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are one of the most common congenital malformations and often require heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Children undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB are especially..

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Hyperlactataemia Following Crystalloid Cardiopulmonary Bypass Priming in Paediatric Cardiac Surgery—Benign or Malignant? A Retrospective Study

Abstract Background: Various mechanisms leading to early hyperlactataemia post-cardiac surgery have been postulated. Specifically, in the paediatric population, benign early hyperlactataemia may be associated with crystalloid priming in the cardiopulmonary..

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Oxygen Delivery During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease: Association With Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury

Abstract Objective This study was designed to investigate the distribution of nadir oxygen delivery (DO2), mean DO2, and area under ideal DO2 (AUiDO2) among categorized age groups of pediatric patients and..

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Association between plasma-free haemoglobin and postoperative acute kidney injury in paediatric cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication among patients requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during paediatric cardiac surgery. Plasma-free haemoglobin (PFH) produced by haemolysis during CPB contributes to..

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Outcomes of protocol-based management for venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in congenital heart surgery – A 2-decade experience

Abstract Background:  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a vital mechanical circulatory support used with increasing frequency in complex congenital cardiac surgeries. This study evaluated the outcomes of a protocol-based venoarterial..

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Prospective Randomized Pilot Study Comparing Bivalirudin Versus Heparin in Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Objectives:  To test feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an endpoint of time at goal anticoagulation in children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) randomized to receive bivalirudin..

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Concurrent use of continuous kidney replacement therapy during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: what pediatric nephrologists need to know—PCRRT-ICONIC practice points

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides temporary cardiorespiratory support for neonatal, pediatric, and adult patients when traditional management has failed. This lifesaving therapy has intrinsic risks, including the development of..

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Survival and Neurocognitive Outcomes After Noncardiac Illness Indications for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Young Children

Abstract This referral center prospective inception cohort study included 84 consecutive children having extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for noncardiac illness indications at the age of less than 6 years from..

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ACTION-ARC Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Disease Ventricular Assist Device Adverse Event Definitions-2023

Abstract Adverse events (AEs) experienced by children and adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) on ventricular assist devices (VADs) are sometimes unique to these populations. The Advanced Cardiac Therapies Improving..

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Unraveling the Blood Biomaterial Interaction During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides lifesaving cardiopulmonary support for patients with a multitude of clinical diagnoses, resulting from cardiac and/or respiratory failure refractory to conventional supports (). The..

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