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Neurological complications during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Does the configuration matter? A retrospective analysis of the ELSO database

Abstract Background Single- (SL) and double-lumen (DL) catheters are used in clinical practice for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) therapy. However, information is lacking regarding the effects of the..

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Anti-Xa activity and hemorrhagic events under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a multicenter cohort study

Abstract Background Hemorrhagic events remain a major concern in patients under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. We tested the association between anticoagulation levels and hemorrhagic events under ECMO using anti-Xa..

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients With COVID-19: An International Multicenter Cohort Study

Abstract Background: To report and compare the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to non-COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients on ECMO. Methods: We..

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Should we ration extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the COVID-19 pandemic?

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised challenging questions about the rationing of intensive care unit (ICU) beds, mechanical ventilators, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).    Experts have recommended that ECMO be..

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Argatroban Anticoagulation for Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review

Abstract Background: Heparin is the widely used anti-coagulation strategy for patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Nevertheless, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and acquired anti-thrombin (AT) deficiency preclude the use of heparin..

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Unusual Complication of a Right Ventricular Support–Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannula

Abstract A previously healthy, middle-aged patient presented with rapidly increasing shortness of breath despite empirical antibiotic treatment for presumed pneumonia. A computed tomographic image of the chest was notable for..

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Perioperative circulatory support for lung transplantation.

Abstract Objective Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has recently replaced cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) as the preferred option for providing circulatory support during lung transplantation. This review aimed to summarize the previous..

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Simple equations to predict the effects of veno‐venous ECMO in decompensated Eisenmenger syndrome

Abstract Adult patients with uncorrected congenital heart diseases and chronic intracardiac shunt may develop Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) due to progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance, with significant morbidity and mortality...

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Red blood cell transfusion requirements for patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue procedure used for cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction. Patients on ECMO often require blood transfusions to maintain oxygen delivery and recover from..

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ECMO combined with prone positioning strategies in COVID-19 respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already become a global pandemic as a public health emergency of international concern. Previous..

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Association of D-dimer and Fibrinogen With Hypercoagulability in COVID-19 Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Background: D-dimer concentration has been used by institutions to identify candidates for intensified anticoagulant treatment for venous thromboembolism prevention and for the mitigation of the microthrombotic complications associated with..

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Extracorporeal life support in COVID‐19‐related acute respiratory distress syndrome: A EuroELSO international survey

Abstract Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a means to support patients with acute respiratory failure. Initially, recommendations to treat severe cases of pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with ECLS have..

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Concomitant Respiratory Failure Can Impair Myocardial Oxygenation in Patients with Acute Cardiogenic Shock Supported by VA-ECMO

Abstract Venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) treatment for acute cardiogenic shock in patients who also have acute lung injury predisposes development of a serious complication called “north-south syndrome” (NSS) which..

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Using a roller pump for establishing extra-corporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) – technical considerations for times of crisis

Abstract Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic requires thinking about alternatives to establish ECMO when often-limited hardware resources are exhausted. Heart-lung-machines may potentially be used for ECMO but contain roller pumps as..

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Usefulness of Self-Expanding Drainage Cannula in Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Inadequate venous drainage decreases the efficiency of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Pump augmentation may even make it worse due to collapse of the venous system under negative pressures. Furthermore, recirculation is..

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Recirculation in Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Recirculation, a phenomenon in which reinfused oxygenated blood is withdrawn by the drainage cannula without passing through the systemic circulation, decreases the efficiency with which venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation..

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Physiologic Basis for Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Management

Abstract To the Editor: Tay et al provide an excellent overview on the practical management of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). The physiologic basis for the proposed algorithms should be discussed..

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Dual veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation support in a patient with refractory hyperdynamic septic shock: a case report

Abstract The hypodynamic septic shock appears to be a promising indication to veno-arterial membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support of a patient with insufficient cardiac output. With cardiac recovery most of those..

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A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Failing Heart Circulation

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly deployed to provide percutaneous mechanical circulatory support despite incomplete understanding of its complex interactions with the failing heart and its effects on hemodynamics and perfusion...

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Practical Considerations and Outcomes of Inter-facility ECMO Transfer of COVID-19 Patients During a Pandemic: The Mayo Clinic Experience

Abstract Inter-facility transport of a critically ill patient with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) may be necessary for a higher level of care and/or initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)...

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International SOS completes first multiple ICU COVID-19 patient evacuation

Abstract A team of travel risk management experts from International SOS have completed a complex evacuation and repatriation involving four ICU COVID-19 patients from La Réunion to Paris. Commissioned by..

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Evidence mounts for ECMO in patients with severe COVID-19 respiratory failure

Abstract Two recently published studies report success with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with COVID-19. In a retrospective cohort study published in The Lancet Respiratory..

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All that glitters is not gold: an unusual presentation of S. aureus sepsis during ECMO

Abstract A 53-year-old male was submitted to veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia for 84 days, without relevant complications related to the circuit itself until..

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Less Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: One Right Step Toward the Future

Abstract The field of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) witnessed an important boost after the introduction of the third-generation durable mechanical circulatory support devices. Among the technical improvements which contributed..

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Bivalirudin anticoagulation for left ventricular assist device implantation on an extracorporeal life support system in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibodies

Abstract OBJECTIVES Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) requires alternative anticoagulation strategies. We investigated outcomes in patients with HIT antibodies undergoing low-dose bivalirudin anticoagulation during left ventricular assist device implantation on an extracorporeal..

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Management of Mechanical Ventilation During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract This chapter explores the best practices of mechanical ventilation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) through a detailed discussion of the physiologic theory and clinical evidence. Future areas of study..

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The Use of Extracorporeal Circulation in Suspected Brain Dead Organ Donors with Cardiopulmonary Collapse

Abstract Donor shortage is a major limitation in organ transplantation. Several studies have reported that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-assisted organ donation can be successfully completed without inducing warm ischemia in..

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Anesthetic Management of Patients on ECMO

Abstract The management of a patient placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a team effort. The anesthesiology team plays an integral part during cannulation and oftentimes as well during..

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Simulation Training on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Conventional extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) training usually only consists of didactic lectures and water drill of ECMO circuit. However, learners cannot “experience” changes of clinical condition of patients. Simulation-based..

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ECMO Biocompatibility: Surface Coatings, Anticoagulation, and Coagulation Monitoring

Abstract The interaction between the patient and the ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) circuit initiates a significant coagulation and inflammatory response due to the large surface area of foreign material contained..

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