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A Narrative Review of Nutrition Therapy in Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with severe cardiorespiratory failure has seen significant growth in the last decade. Despite this, there is paucity of data surrounding..

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An Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation First Strategy in COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Abstract COVID-19 can be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which increases the likelihood of morbidity and mortality. Ventilator-induced lung injury (VLI) is a known complication of mechanical ventilation (MV) and..

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Methylene Blue for Vasoplegia During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support

Abstract Objective The treatment of refractory vasodilatory shock in patients undergoing  (ECMO) is an area in which there is minimal literature. Based on previous literature, the authors hypothesized that at least..

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Use of bivalirudin for anticoagulation in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

Abstract This study describes the use of bivalirudin in children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Pediatric patients receiving bivalirudin were compared to patients receiving heparin as the anticoagulant on ECMO...

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Timely Use of Venous-Arterial ECMO to Treat Congenital Pediatric Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia: A Case Report

Abstract Supraventricular tachycardia is the most common tachyarrhythmia in pediatrics. Although postoperative junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a known complication of congenital heart surgery that is typically transient, congenital JET..

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Combined Use of Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump after Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Objectives We investigated whether intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) combined with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was associated with favourable neurological outcomes for patients after the return of spontaneous circulation..

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Percutaneous venopulmonary artery extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for right heart failure after left ventricular assist device insertion

Abstract OBJECTIVES Right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) insertion is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Mechanical support options include right ventricular assist devices, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane..

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Ethics in extracorporeal life support: a narrative review

Abstract During 50 years of extracorporeal life support (ECLS), this highly invasive technology has left a considerable imprint on modern medicine, and it still confronts researchers, clinicians and policymakers with multifarious..

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Severe Pulmonary Hemorrhage in a Neonate With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy and Sepsis Managed on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is an infrequent and potentially fatal event in term neonates. Reports of successful management of PH on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are limited, given the accentuated..

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Complications of Peripheral Cannulation Site in Obese Patients on Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Placement of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in obese patients has been challenging; however, cannulation risk in obese patients has not been clearly investigated. We therefore explored ECMO cannulation complications in this..

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Neonatal respiratory and cardiac ECMO in Europe

Abstract Neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving procedure for critically ill neonates suffering from a potentially reversible disease, causing severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure and refractory to maximal..

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Protocolized Whole-Body Computed Tomography Imaging After Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Cannulation for Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Evaluate the utility of whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) imaging in detecting clinically significant findings in patients who have undergone extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation for cardiac arrest (extracorporeal cardiopulmonary..

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Pre-cannulation international normalized ratio is independently associated with mortality in veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Objective  To explore whether pre-cannulation international normalized ratio (INR) is associated with in-hospital mortality in veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) patients. Design Retrospective observational cohort study. Setting Quaternary care..

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The Ethics of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Revisiting the Principles of Clinical Bioethics

Abstract Background  has become accepted as a rescue therapy for cardiopulmonary shock, and there have been over 100,000  (ECMO) cases since 1987. Rapid growth has presented ethical challenges and concerns. Here, we discuss..

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Average mean arterial pressure in the first 6 hours of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the prediction of the prognosis of neurological…

Abstract Objective: To study the correlation between the mean arterial pressure (MAP) level in the first 6 hours of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) and patients’ neurological outcomes. Methods: Sex, age, basic..

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Implementation of new ECMO centers during the COVID‑19 pandemic: experience and results from the Middle East and India

Abstract Purpose: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) patients has increased during the course of the pandemic. As uncertainty existed regarding patient’s outcomes, early guidelines..

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A Standardized Approach Improves Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Postcardiotomy Shock

Abstract Postcardiotomy shock (PCS) has historically been associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Mortality at discharge is reportedly more than 60%. We investigated the outcomes of our standardized approach to..

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation instead of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in a Patient with Severe COVID-19–associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Abstract Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has been used as a rescue therapy for patients with refractory coronavirus disease (COVID-19)–associated severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with survival rates similar..

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The Evolution of the Use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Respiratory Failure

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used with increasing frequency to support patients with acute respiratory failure, most commonly, and severe forms of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The..

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Transition from Simple V-V to V-A and Hybrid ECMO Configurations in COVID-19 ARDS

Abstract In SARS-CoV-2 patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (V-V ECMO) was shown to provide valuable treatment with reasonable survival in large multi-centre investigations...

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Development of an artificial placenta for support of premature infants: narrative review of the history, recent milestones, and future innovation

Abstract Over 50 years ago, visionary researchers began work on an extracorporeal artificial placenta to support premature infants. Despite rudimentary technology and incomplete understanding of fetal physiology, these pioneering scientists..

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Blood oxygenation and decarboxylation determinants during venovenous ECMO for respiratory failure in adults

Abstract Purpose: This studywas designed to optimize the latestgeneration venovenous (vv)-extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)-circuit configuration andsettings based on the evaluation ofblood oxygenation and CO 2 removaldeterminants in patients with severeacute respiratory..

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Carboxyhemoglobin Elevation, a Marker for Hemolysis, Is Common in Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Giani et al. found low levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in a cohort of patients supported on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) at their center. It is noteworthy that even on..

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Novel application of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for real-time detection of thrombus in a membrane oxygenator

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) plays an important role in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Management of thrombi in ECMO is generally an important issue; especially in ECMO for..

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Outcome and Cost of Nurse-led versus Perfusionist-led Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a resource-intense modality of care whose use has grown exponentially. We examined volume and utilization trends to identify the financial break-even point that..

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Achieving Safe Liberation During Weaning from VV-ECMO in Patients with Severe ARDS: The role of Tidal Volume and Inspiratory Effort

Abstract Background Weaning from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is not well studied. VV-ECMO can be discontinued when patients tolerate non-injurious mechanical ventilation (MV) during a sweep gas off trial..

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ECMO in the COVID-19 Era: Looking Beyond the Guidelines

Abstract Prior to COVID-19, a large international cohort study estimated that acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) accounts for 10% of all admissions to the ICU and almost a quarter of..

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Ankle-brachial index to monitor limb perfusion in patients with femoral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Background Limb ischemia is a major complication of femoral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Use of ankle-brachial index (ABI) to monitor limb perfusion in VA-ECMO has not been described...

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Stress-Induced (Takotsubo) Cardiomyopathy After Liver Transplant Rescued with Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Here, we report the case of a 55 year old male patient without significant preexisting cardiovascular disease who received a deceased donor liver transplant. Intraoperatively, the patient developed cardiogenic..

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Hemodilution Increases the Susceptibility of Red Blood Cells to Mechanical Shear Stress During In Vitro Hemolysis Testing

Abstract The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F1841 standard for the assessment of hemolysis in blood pumps recommends using phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for hemodilution to standardize hematocrit (HCT)...

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