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Microplastic in perfusion: the hidden risk and how to address it

Abstract The paper published in this issue of the ICVTS by Green and colleagues [] from the University of Hull in the UK addresses an often underestimated yet increasingly recognized issue in..

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Association between venous to arterial carbon dioxide tension gap and clinical outcome in cardiac surgery patients: A systematic review and…

Abstract Background Cardiac surgery is associated with increased risk of major adverse outcomes. Venous to arterial carbon dioxide tension gap (Pv-aCO2 gap) showed significant prognostic value of non-cardiac surgery, while their..

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Comparison of outcomes between axillary and femoral artery cannulation for type A aortic dissection surgery

Abstract Objective To compare the application and outcomes of femoral versus axillary arterial cannulation in adult patients undergoing surgery for type A aortic dissection. Methods We conducted a retrospective review..

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Postoperative hemoglobin changes following ultrafiltration in cardiac patients

Abstract Introduction This retrospective study investigated the relationship between differing thresholds of Conventional Ultrafiltration (CUF) and postoperative hemoglobin (HGB) in cardiac surgery cases involving cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods The study utilized..

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Evaluation of Integrated Arterial Filter Oxygenator vs. External Arterial Filters on Clinical Outcomes and Neurocognitive Function in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery:…

Abstract Background and Aims Innovative advancements in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) configurations, such as surface coating, blood filtration, and miniaturization, aim to reduce gaseous microemboli (GME) that contribute to embolic organ..

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Clinical assessment of cannula performance during adult minimally invasive valve surgery using predictive mathematical models

Abstract OBJECTIVES Peripheral cannula selection in minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) is crucial, as venous drainage limitations during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can impair end-organ perfusion and overall outcomes. This study..

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Vasoplegic syndrome in cardiac surgery: bridging therapeutic gaps with best practices and future research

Abstract Vasoplegic syndrome (VS) is a common and potentially life-threatening complication of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). It presents a significant haemodynamic challenge that is often difficult to manage..

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Procalcitonin as a biomarker for postoperative pneumonia: a study on dynamics following cardiopulmonary bypass in adults

Abstract Objective Postoperative pneumonia (POP) frequently complicates cardiac surgery that involves cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of procalcitonin (PCT) for identifying pneumonia after CPB-assisted..

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Microplastic in perfusion: the hidden risk and how to address it

Abstract The paper published in this issue of the ICVTS by Green and colleagues [] from the University of Hull in the UK addresses an often underestimated yet increasingly recognized issue in..

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A novel blood volume monitoring approach in a venous reservoir using a laser displacement sensor for blood surface distance measurement

Abstract A venous reservoir (VR) is crucial for safe blood volume regulation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures. Currently, blood volume measurement in VRs relies heavily on visual inspection, which limits..

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Intraoperative Assessment of Cerebral Autoregulation With Cerebral Oximetry Index in Neonates Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Study

Abstract Abstract Objective To investigate cerebral autoregulation impairment during neonatal cardiac surgery. Design A retrospective observational study. Setting Single-center, university teaching children’s hospital. Participants Neonates undergoing surgery for critical congenital..

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Intranasal insulin enhances postoperative sleep quality and delirium in middle-aged cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Postoperative delirium (POD) remains a significant complication following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery, particularly in middle-aged patients who constitute the majority of this surgical population. While intranasal insulin (INI)..

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Alteration in Indole Metabolites After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery in Neonates and Infants

Abstract IMPORTANCE:  Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery is associated with changes in the intestinal microbiome. Metabolism of tryptophan into the indole pathway is entirely facilitated by the intestinal microbiome, and indole..

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A Machine Learning-Based Clustering Analysis to Explore Bisphenol A and Phthalate Exposure from Medical Devices in Infants with Congenital Heart…

Abstract Background: Plastic-containing medical devices are commonly used in critical care units and other patient care settings. Patients are often exposed to xenobiotic agents that are leached out from plastic-containing..

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Impact of gender differences on optimal oxygen delivery thresholds to prevent acute kidney injury in cardiac surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Background The nadir oxygen delivery index (DO2i) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is reportedly associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, there are few reports..

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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Analgesic and Anesthetic Drugs in Patients During Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Narrative Review

Abstract Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) impacts pharmacokinetics and -dynamics of drugs used during cardiac surgery. These alterations can lead to changes in drug efficacy resulting in under- or overdosing. This review..

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Risk Factors and Predictive Model for Stress Hyperglycemia After Cardiac Surgery in Non-Diabetic Patients

Abstract Objective: To create and verify a model that predicts the risk of stress hyperglycemia (SHG) in patients without diabetes after cardiac surgery. Design: Retrospective analysis. Methods: This retrospective analysis analyzed patients without..

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Combining procalcitonin, c-reactive protein, and white blood cell count in predicting infections in pediatric open cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the validity of models using Procalcitonin (PCT) alone and PCT combined with other biomarkers to predict early infection after pediatric open-heart surgery with..

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A prospective non-inferiority trial of pathogen reduced platelets compared to non-pathogen reduced platelets for correction of viscoelastic platelet function testing…

Abstract Background Cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may alter platelet (PLT) function causing bleeding. The goal of this study is to evaluate the hemostatic effect of PRT-PLTs compared to..

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Achieving Neuroprotection in the Setting of Early Extubation During Infant Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, and Blinded Study

Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the impact of early extubation on stress response and neurodevelopmental outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: In this single-center prospective pilot..

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Clinical assessment of cannula performance during adult minimally invasive valve surgery using predictive mathematical models

Abstract OBJECTIVES Peripheral cannula selection in minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) is crucial, as venous drainage limitations during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB can impair end-organ perfusion and overall outcomes. This study..

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Probiotic mitigates gut hypoperfusion-associated acute gastrointestinal injury in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative probiotic supplementation on the incidence of..

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Near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor cerebral and renal oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for paediatric congenital heart disease: study protocol…

Abstract Background Current indicators for monitoring intraoperative organ function remain predominantly indirect, delayed and non-specific, particularly in paediatric populations undergoing congenital heart surgery, where multifactorial influences further complicate functional assessments. Emerging..

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Maintaining ventilation with very low tidal volume and positive-end expiratory pressure versus no ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery…

Abstract Purpose Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery mechanically circulates and oxygenates the blood, bypassing the heart and lungs. Despite limited evidence, maintaining mechanical ventilation (MV) during CPB is recommended,..

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Thrombus Migration Resulting From Cessation of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Flow in a Patient With Left Ventricular Thrombus

Introduction Left ventricular (LV) thrombus formation is a known complication associated with acute myocardial infarction and other conditions that impair LV function, carrying a risk for systemic embolization., In this report,..

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Comparison of Three Mathematical Models of the Pharmacokinetics of Heparin to Guide the Use of Protamine in a Large Simulated…

Abstract Background: In cardiac surgery, protamine is used to reverse the effects of heparin after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Excess of protamine has been demonstrated to cause platelet dysfunction and..

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The impact of arterial cannulation strategy on carotid perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass: A computational fluid dynamics analysis from the perspective…

Abstract Introduction: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is utilized during cardiovascular surgery to maintain organ oxygen supply and blood perfusion instead of cardiopulmonary function. Three primary methods of artery cannulation used for CPB..

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Frontoparietal and temporal brain alterations post-cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) often experience neurological complications, but the neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study combined resting-state fMRI, structural MRI, and cognitive testing to examine brain changes..

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Pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass using a centrifugal pump reduces acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a propensity score-matched analysis

Abstract Objective Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects approximately 30% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with conventional non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Pulsatile flow has long been proposed for mitigating this complication...

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Kidney protection during surgery on the thoracoabdominal aorta: a systematic review

Abstract OBJECTIVES Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common consequence of surgical repair of the thoraco-abdominal aorta (TAA). Perfusion techniques aim to facilitate renal protection through oxygenation or hypothermia. This..

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