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Clinical and Hematological Outcomes of Aminocaproic Acid Use During Pediatric Cardiac ECMO

Abstract Donor shortage is a major limitation in organ transplantation. Several studies have reported that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-assisted organ donation can be successfully completed without inducing warm ischemia in..

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Traditional and emerging technologies for washing and volume reducing blood products

Abstract Millions of blood components including red blood cells, platelets, and granulocytes are transfused each year in the United States. The transfusion of these blood products may be associated with..

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Intraoperative Cell Saving: Is the Solution the Actual Problem?

Abstract Allogenic blood is a scarce, precious, and expensive resource that is not always available on demand. After termination of cardiopulmonary bypass, a large amount of residual pump blood remains..

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The risk of performing cardiopulmonary bypass in malaria patients: a small case series

Abstract The effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on patients who have active or dormant malaria are unknown. What is known is that malaria-induced hemolysis can be exacerbated by cardiopulmonary bypass. We..

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in non‑intubated immunocompromised patients

Abstract Veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become an integral part in the rescue therapy of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and may be lifesaving in patients with..

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Propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics—a perspective in minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation

Abstract There is limited evidence as to the pharmacokinetic changes expected in adults with extracorporeal technologies. Drugs may be taken up by various components of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit itself...

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Does Targeted Temperature Management Improve Neurological Outcome in Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (ECPR)?

Abstract Purpose: Targeted temperature management (TTM) is a standard of care in patients after cardiac arrest for neuroprotection. Currently, the effectiveness and efficacy of TTM after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR)..

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Restrictive fluid management versus usual care in acute kidney injury (REVERSE-AKI): a pilot randomized controlled feasibility trial

Abstract Purpose We compared a restrictive fluid management strategy to usual care among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) who had received initial fluid resuscitation. Methods This multicenter..

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Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass reoxygenation on myocardial dysfunction following pediatric tetralogy of Fallot repair

Abstract Background Little is known regarding the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) reoxygenation on cardiac function following tetralogy of Fallot repair. We hypothesized that hyperoxic reoxygenation would be more strongly..

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The relationship between cardiac surgeon experience and average patient risk profile: CA and NY statewide analysis

Abstract Background It is unknown how high and low‐risk cases are distributed among cardiac surgeons of different experience levels. The purpose of this study was to determine if high and..

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Patients' exposure to PVC plasticizers from ECMO circuits

Abstract Background: ECMO is a therapeutic act with a high risk of exposure to diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), plasticizer from PVC tubings. The replacement of this plasticizer with alternative compounds is recommended but..

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Markers of Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure Are Associated with Increased Mortality in Nonsevere Aortic Stenosis

Abstract Background Echocardiographic measures of elevated left ventricular filling pressures are associated with an adverse prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between acute (ratio of..

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Myocardial Protection in Adult Cardiac Surgery With del Nido Versus Blood Cardioplegia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background  in adult cardiac surgery is commonly achieved with either multidose blood  or single-dose del Nido crystalloid cardioplegia. Aim The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare..

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Is Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation the Standard Care for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background  (ARDS) is a type of  syndrome characterised by severe respiratory distress and stubborn . Patients with ARDS have a prolonged hospital stay and high mortality rate. Over long-term follow-up, ARDS..

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The Inverse Relationship Between Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation and Blood Pressure is Lost After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is required for the surgical correction of congenital heart defects and incites an acute inflammatory response that impairs endothelial function post-operatively. Therefore, we hypothesized that the..

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Identification of risk factors for renal failure after cardiac surgery by RFILE classification

Abstract Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication after cardiovascular surgery. The unclear etiology of this highly complex event challenges definition, diagnosis and prediction of AKI, and hence..

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Cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) measured using the INVOS oximeter closely correlates with baseline rSO2

Abstract Baseline cerebral regional saturation (rSO2) measured using the INVOS 5100C (Medtronic, MN, USA) varies widely among patients with cardiac and/or renal diseases. To identify significant correlates of baseline rSO2 and..

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Pump flow setting and assessment of unloading in clinical practice

Abstract The rationale for mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in cardiogenic shock is to restore cardiac output in selected patients when critically low or in case of refractory cardiac arrest. Furthermore,..

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Long-Term Cognitive Outcomes and Sleep in Adults After Extracorporeal Life Support

Abstract Objectives: To assess differences in cognitive outcomes and sleep in adult survivors of critical illness, managed with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as compared to conventional mechanical ventilation only. Design:..

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ECMO Assistance during Mechanical Ventilation: Effects Induced on Energetic and Haemodynamic Variables

Abstract Background and Objective Simulation in  may help clinicians understand the important events occurring during  and . During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of patients have required hospital admission to tertiary referral..

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Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Cardiac Bypass: The Careful Balance between Clotting and Bleeding

Abstract Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired autoimmune condition characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibody, and anti-β2 glycoprotein-I antibody) which leads to clinical thrombosis via a..

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Computed tomography angiography as an adjunct to computational fluid dynamics for prediction of oxygenator thrombus formation

Abstract Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit performance can be compromised by oxygenator thrombosis. Stagnant blood flow in the oxygenator can increase the risk of thrombus formation. To minimize thrombogenic potential,..

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Successful Heart Transplantation Recovered From a Brain-Dead Donor on Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support

Abstract We describe the successful transplantation of a brain-dead donor supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) after cardiac arrest secondary to pulmonary embolism. The donor was a 50-year-old female..

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Low vs standardized dose anticoagulation regimens for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A meta-analysis

Abstract Background To compare the safety and efficacy of low-dose anticoagulation (LA) with that of standardized dose anticoagulation (SA) for patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods PubMed, MEDLINE,..

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Physiological Basis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal in Respiratory Failure

Abstract Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for severe respiratory failure has seen an exponential growth in recent years. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) represent two modalities that can..

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Investigation of air bubble properties: relevance to prevention of coronary air embolism during cardiac surgery

Abstract Although de‐airing procedures are commonly performed during cardiac surgery, use of these procedures is not necessarily based on evidence. Uncertainly remains around the size of bubbles that can be..

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Preoperative Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumps in Cardiac Surgery: A Propensity Score Analysis

Abstract Introduction The role of intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) in high-risk patients undergoing  (CABG) surgery remains controversial. We report the 5-year experience from a new Australian centre. Methods We retrospectively analysed..

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Antecedent ACE-inhibition, inflammatory response, and cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury

Abstract Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may trigger organs damage, including kidney injury, due to a massive cytokine release. In this observational, prospective study, we analyzed the possible impact of chronic treatment..

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Is there a renoprotective value to leukodepletion during heart valve surgery? A randomized controlled trial (ROLO)

Abstract Background Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) adversely affects outcomes after cardiac surgery. A major mediator of AKI is the activation of leukocytes through exposure to the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. We..

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: How Do We Expand Capacity in the COVID-19 Era?

Abstract Despite advances in medical technology, the mortality rate for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains high at around 40% []. In recent years, multiple studies, systematic reviews, and..

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