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Blood Pumps for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a therapy used in severe cardiopulmonary failure. Blood is pumped through an artificial circuit exposing it to nonphysiologic conditions, which promote platelet activation and..

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Clinical outcomes of cardiac surgery patients undergoing therapeutic plasma exchange for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Abstract Background and Objectives Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an antibody-mediated condition that leads to thrombocytopenia and possible thrombosis. Patients with HIT who require cardiac surgery pose a challenge as high..

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Association of Plasma Fibrinogen and Thromboelastography With Blood Loss in Complex Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Postoperative coagulopathic bleeding is common in cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Ideally, real-time information on in-vivo coagulation should be available. However, up to now..

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Extracorporeal Cytokine Adsorption Therapy As a Preventive Measure in Cardiac Surgery and As a Therapeutic Add-On Treatment in Sepsis

Abstract Objectives:  Evaluating whether there is a clinical benefit of using extracorporeal cytokine adsorption therapy in two indications. Design:  Systematic review. Setting:  Search on four databases, Medline, Embase, The Cochrane..

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Inhaled nitric oxide reduces injury and microglia activation in porcine hippocampus after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest

Abstract Objective Dysregulation of local nitric oxide (NO) synthetases occurs during  and reperfusion associated with ,  (DHCA), and reperfusion. Rapid fluctuations in local  occurring in neonates and infants probably contribute to inflammation-induced microglial activation..

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Accidental systemic administration of 1 litre of cardioplegia solution during paediatric cardiac surgery

Abstract Cardioplegia is used to induce cardiac arrest in order to facilitate cardiac surgery in patients supported by cardiopulmonary bypass. It is administered directly into the coronary vessels after the..

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Comparative effectiveness and safety of anticoagulants for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Abstract Background The effectiveness and safety of non-heparin anticoagulants for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) are not fully established, and the optimal treatment strategy is unknown. In a systematic..

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Utility of gas inlet pressure monitoring in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Purpose: Purpose: Condensation that clogs the hollow fibers of the oxygenation and accumulation of plasma leaks reduces oxygenated lung capacity. In this study, artificial We evaluated whether monitoring changes..

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The hemodynamic effects of warm versus room-temperature crystalloid fluid bolus therapy in post-cardiac surgery patients

Abstract Introduction: The contribution of fluid temperature to the effect of crystalloid fluid bolus therapy (FBT) in post-cardiac surgery patients is unknown. We evaluated the hemodynamic effects of FBT with..

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Mammalian enteral ventilation ameliorates respiratory failure

Abstract Background Several aquatic organisms such as loaches have evolved unique intestinal breathing mechanisms to survive under extensive hypoxia. To date, it is highly controversial whether such capability can be..

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Understanding the ”Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation Gap" in Veno-Arterial Configuration for Adult Patients: Timing and Causes of Death

Abstract Objective Timing and causes of hospital mortality in adult patients undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) have been poorly described. Aim of the current review was to investigate..

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The impact of exogenous nitric oxide during cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery

Abstract Objectives: Cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass frequently provokes a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. This can lead to the development of low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS). Both of these can..

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O-GlcNAcylation blood levels are increased in response to stress induced by cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a common procedure to maintain body perfusion during cardiac surgery. It is associated with a systemic inflammatory response, hemostasis and circulatory dysfunction that can..

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Randomized Pilot Trial of Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients

Abstract Background: Due to the substantial improvement in survival among pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery, reducing early and long-term morbidity is becoming the major focus of care. Blood transfusion is..

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The assessment of patients undergoing cardiac surgery for Covid-19: Complications occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has resulted in dramatic changes to the conduct of surgery both from a patient management perspective and in protecting healthcare providers...

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Serum metabolic profile of postoperative acute kidney injury following infant cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Background We sought to determine differences in the circulating metabolic profile of infants with or without acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiothoracic surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods We..

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Effects of circulatory arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebral autoregulation in neonatal swine

Abstract Background Cerebral autoregulation mechanisms help maintain adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) despite changes in cerebral perfusion pressure. Impairment of cerebral autoregulation, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), may increase..

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Importance of high-performing teams in the cardiovascular intensive care unit

Abstract The importance of teamwork in health care delivery and patient safety is increasingly being recognized and has benefitted substantially by adopting a human factors' perspective and approach. The scientific..

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Degradation of the Endothelial Glycocalyx Contributes to Metabolic Acidosis in Children Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery

Abstract Objectives:  Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery is complicated by metabolic acidosis, microvascular dysfunction, and capillary leak. The glycocalyx—a layer of proteins and sugars lining the vascular endothelium—is degraded during cardiopulmonary bypass...

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Protamine Test Dose: Impact on Activated Clotting Time and Circuit Integrity

Abstract Background Recurrent observation of clot in the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit after the administration of a protamine test dose (PTD) prompted concern over the effects of PTDs on patient activated..

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Systemic Hypertension in Pediatric Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Systemic hypertension (HTN) is a recognized complication of veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in children. We sought to determine the prevalence and associated features of HTN in a..

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Microcirculatory Changes in Pediatric Patients During Congenital Heart Defect Corrective Surgery

Abstract A prospective, observational single-center study was carried out. Pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart defect surgery were evaluated before, during, and after surgery. At each time point, sublingual microcirculation and..

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Directing a dispersion cannula tip toward the aortic root during thoracic aortic arch surgery does not adversely affect cardiac function

Abstract Introduction: Neurologic complications of open thoracic aortic surgery are devastating problems in patients with severely diseased aortas. This study aimed to clarify whether directing the aortic cannula tip toward..

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Scavenging right atrial Bretschneider histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate cardioplegia: Impact on hyponatremia and seizures in pediatric cardiac surgery patients

Abstract Objective Custodiol-HTK  (Custodiol-HTK Koheler Chemie, GmbH, Bensheim, Germany) causes fluctuations in serum sodium levels, , and is associated with postoperative seizures. We investigated the influence of scavenging right atrial effluent during..

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Initial experience with del Nido cardioplegia solution at a Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery Program in Brazil

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate outcome measures between our standard multidose cardioplegia protocol and a del Nido cardioplegia protocol in congenital heart surgery patients. Methods:..

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Fluid Status After Cardiac Surgery Assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis and the Effects of Extracorporeal Circulation

Abstract Objective  after cardiac surgery can be difficult to assess, often requiring invasive measurements. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is based on patterns of resistance (R) and reactance (Xc), corrected..

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Influence of cardiopulmonary bypass set-up and management on clinical outcomes after minimally invasive aortic valve surgery

Abstract Introduction: Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (MIAVR) requires changes in cannulation strategy and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) management when compared to the conventional approach (CAVR). We aimed at evaluating if..

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Induced Hemolysis: An In Vitro Study to Appraise Causative Factors

Abstract In vitro hemolysis testing is commonly used to determine hemocompatibility of ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). However, poor reproducibility remains a challenging problem, due to several unidentified influencing factors. The..

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Extracorporeal multiorgan support including CO2-removal with the ADVanced Organ Support (ADVOS) system for COVID-19: A case report

Abstract A substantial part of COVID-19-patients suffers from multi-organ failure (MOF). We report on an 80-year old patient with pulmonary, renal, circulatory, and hepatic failure. We decided against the use..

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The effect of hemoadsorption on rivaroxaban blood plasma concentration in emergency cardiac surgery

Abstract Hemoadsorption was used in a 59-year-old patient with an acute type A aortic dissection, who was on rivaroxaban and dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid. Our aim..

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