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Cerebral perfusion and metabolism with mean arterial pressure 90 vs. 60 mmHg in a porcine post cardiac arrest model with…

Abstract Aim To determine whether targeting a mean arterial pressure of 90 mmHg (MAP90) would yield improved cerebral blood flow and less ischaemia compared to MAP 60 mmHg (MAP60) with..

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The association of bispectral index values and metrics of cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Study objective Low  (BIS) values have been associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. However, trials of optimizing BIS by titrating anesthetic administration have reported conflicting results. One potential explanation is that  may..

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Development of an artificial placenta for support of premature infants: narrative review of the history, recent milestones, and future innovation

Abstract Over 50 years ago, visionary researchers began work on an extracorporeal artificial placenta to support premature infants. Despite rudimentary technology and incomplete understanding of fetal physiology, these pioneering scientists..

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Emergent cardiopulmonary bypass during cesarean delivery. A case report

Abstract Successful management of Cesarean Delivery complicated by emergent CPB and AVR requires meticulous multidisciplinary planning. This case also represents the volatility that can arise from severe aortic regurgitation during..

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Cell salvage in trauma

Abstract Purpose of review  The collection of shed blood and its reinfusion has been termed ‘cell salvage’ or ‘autotransfusion’. This review will summarize the historical foundation of cell salvage and summarize recent..

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Blood oxygenation and decarboxylation determinants during venovenous ECMO for respiratory failure in adults

Abstract Purpose: This studywas designed to optimize the latestgeneration venovenous (vv)-extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)-circuit configuration andsettings based on the evaluation ofblood oxygenation and CO 2 removaldeterminants in patients with severeacute respiratory..

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Perioperative Serum Free Hemoglobin and Haptoglobin Levels in Valvular and Aortic Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Their Associations With Postoperative Kidney…

Abstract Highlights • Hemolysis due to CPB leads to an increase of serum free Hemoglobin(fHb) level. • Increase of serum fHb level had an independent association with postoperative AKI. •..

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Patient characteristics and cardiac surgical outcomes at a tertiary care hospital in Kenya, 2008–2017: a retrospective study

Abstract Background Cardiac surgeries are high risk procedures that require specialized care and access to these procedures is often limited in resource-poor countries. Although fatalities for surgical patients across Africa..

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Cerebral microemboli in mini-sternotomy compared to mini- thoracotomy for aortic valve replacement: a cross sectional cohort study

Abstract Background Recently adopted mini-thoracotomy approach for surgical aortic valve replacement has shown benefits such as reduced pain and shorter recovery, compared to more conventional mini-sternotomy access. However, whether limited..

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STS/SCA/AmSECT/SABM Update to the Clinical Practice Guidelines on Patient Blood Management

Blood transfusion is a critical and life-saving facet of the care for cardiothoracic surgery patients. Inherent to the transfusing of blood is the understanding of the preservation of blood as..

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Retrograde autologous priming during cardiopulmonary bypass reduces blood transfusion rate in adult cardiac surgery: A prospective randomized clinical trial

Abstract To the editor, Retrograde autologous priming (RAP) is a non-drug blood protection method to reduce blood dilution by lowering the amount of crystal liquid priming., ,  But there is no unified..

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Anticoagulation and Transfusion Management During Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Survey of Medical Directors in the United States

Abstract OBJECTIVES:  To compare current practices within the United States of anticoagulation management and blood transfusion in neonatal and pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients with a 2013 international report. DESIGN: ..

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Towards manufactured red blood cells for the treatment of inherited anemia

Abstract Patients with inherited anemia and hemoglobinopathies (such as sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia) are treated with red blood cell (RBC) transfusions to alleviate their symptoms. Some of these patients..

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the Perioperative Period of Cardiac Surgery: Predictors, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Management Options, and Future Directions

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after cardiac surgery is reported with a widely variable incidence (from 0.4%-8.1%). Cardiac surgery patients usually are affected by several comorbidities, and the development..

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Carboxyhemoglobin Elevation, a Marker for Hemolysis, Is Common in Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Giani et al. found low levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in a cohort of patients supported on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) at their center. It is noteworthy that even on..

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Measuring and publishing quality improvement

Abstract Misalignment of measures, measurement and analysis with the goals and methods of quality improvement efforts in healthcare may create confusion and decrease effectiveness. In healthcare, measurement is used for..

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Controversies in the Clinical Practice of Patient Blood Management

Abstract Patient blood management (PBM) has been proposed as a standard of care in modern . PBM-related interventions usually are implemented as bundles, but randomized controlled trials on the implementation of..

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Novel application of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for real-time detection of thrombus in a membrane oxygenator

Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) plays an important role in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Management of thrombi in ECMO is generally an important issue; especially in ECMO for..

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Outcome and Cost of Nurse-led versus Perfusionist-led Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a resource-intense modality of care whose use has grown exponentially. We examined volume and utilization trends to identify the financial break-even point that..

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Cardiovascular professional societies fall short in providing impartial, clear and evidence-based guidelines

Abstract Clinical guidelines play an increasingly important role in care of patients with cardiovascular disease. Approaches to guideline development reflect the need to integrate a complex and ever-expanding evidence base..

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Validation of the relationship between coagulopathy and localization of hydroxyethyl starch on the vascular endothelium in a rat hemodilution model

Abstract Various anticoagulant properties have been associated with hydroxyethyl starch (HES). However, the mechanism remains unclear and it has not been fully considered whether these properties are beyond the dilutional..

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Risk factors for vasoplegia after coronary artery bypass and valve surgery

Abstract Introduction Vasoplegia denotes a state of low tissue perfusion characterized by hypotension, tachycardia, and low systemic vascular resistance. This state results in increased mortality and morbidity following cardiac surgery...

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Left Ventricular Assist Device Flow Pattern Analysis Using a Novel Model Incorporating Left Ventricular Pulsatility

Abstract Our current understanding of flow through the circuit of left ventricular assist device (LVAD), left ventricle and ascending aorta remains incompletely understood. Computational fluid dynamics, which allow for analysis..

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Differential effects of prone position in COVID-19-related ARDS in low and high recruiters

Abstract Prone position quickly imposed as a cornerstone in the management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [, ]. The response to prone..

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Rationale and design of the intravenous iron for treatment of anemia before cardiac surgery trial

Abstract Background Approximately 20% to 30% of patients awaiting cardiac surgery are anemic. Anemia increases the likelihood of requiring a red cell transfusion and is associated with increased complications, intensive care,..

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Medical Error Reduction and Prevention

  Continuing Education Activity This activity provides an in-depth description of the significance of medical error in the practice of medicine. It also highlights a number of important aspects in..

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Pharmacokinetics of anti-infective agents during CytoSorb hemoadsorption

Abstract Cytokine hemoadsorption might be beneficial in patients with sepsis. However, its effect on anti-infective agents' disposition remains largely unknown. We sought to determine the influence of hemoadsorption on the..

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Dysbiosis and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Is Exacerbated Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Summary There are no data evaluating the microbiome in congenital heart disease following cardiopulmonary bypass. The authors evaluated patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and noncardiac patients undergoing..

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Risk factors for acute kidney injury and mortality in high risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Abstract Background Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) represents a clinical condition with poor prognosis. The incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients was about 22–57%. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery (CS) are particularly..

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Optimising bloodless cardiovascular surgery for Jehovah’s Witnesses and beyond

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests surgical outcomes of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery that refuse autologous transfusion is comparable to those who accept whole blood product transfusions. There are several methods that..

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