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Population-Scale Studies of Protein S Abnormalities and Thrombosis

Abstract Importance  Clinical decision-making in thrombotic disorders is impeded by long-standing uncertainty regarding the magnitude of venous and arterial thrombosis risk associated with low protein S. Population-scale multiomic datasets offer an..

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Predictive value of the triglyceride-glucose index for coronary artery bypass grafting-acute kidney injury patients

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), significantly affecting patient outcomes. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker of insulin..

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Recent Advances and Future Directions in Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal

Abstract Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) is an emerging technique designed to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in venous blood while enabling lung-protective ventilation or alleviating the work of breathing...

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How Red Blood Cells Sense and Respond to Mechanical Stress

Abstract “Mechanotransduction” is a term I would use to describe my research topic, and it works perfectly well, as long as the goal is to earn confused looks and immediately..

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Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapies: Core Curriculum 2025

Abstract Critically ill patients that require kidney replacement therapy (KRT) are among the most ill and complex patients routinely encountered in the intensive care unit (ICU). Continuous KRT (CKRT) is..

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Expert consensus on the use of human serum albumin in critically ill patients

Abstract Human serum albumin (HSA) is a non-glycosylated, negatively charged, single-chain polypeptide composed of 585 amino acid residues with a relative molecular mass of 66.438 kD. It is synthesized by..

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Renal macro- and microcirculatory perturbations in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease associated with heart failure and cardiac surgery

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 50% of patients with heart failure. The pathophysiology of CKD in heart failure is proposed to be driven by macrocirculatory hemodynamic changes, including reduced..

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Urine biomarkers, acute kidney injury, and fluid overload in neonatal cardiac surgery

Abstract Background:Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) and fluid overload (FO) are common among neonates who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass, and increase mortality risk. Current diagnostic criteria may delay diagnosis. Thus,..

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Research progress on the pathogenesis of AKI complicated by ECMO

Abstract Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) stands as a pivotal intervention for patients grappling with cardiopulmonary insufficiency. However, alongside its therapeutic benefits, ECMO carries the risk of complications, with acute..

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Can utilization of the venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference improve patient outcomes in cardiogenic shock? A narrative review

Abstract Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a critical condition with high mortality, characterized by reduced cardiac output (CO) and tissue hypoperfusion, despite advancements in treatment. Traditional hemodynamic markers like CO measurements,..

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From GPT to DeepSeek: Significant gaps remain in realizing AI in healthcare

Abstract Introduction On January 27, 2025, DeepSeek-R1, a new Generative AI model, was introduced and rapidly gained adoption, taking over the user market to become the No.1 downloaded AI app , , ...

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ECMO for the pregnant and peripartum patient: A practical review of indications, unique management considerations, and an approach framework

Abstract The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to support the pregnant patient and fetus requires a complex decision-making process. Peripartum ECMO requires coordinated and informed decision-making between an interdisciplinary..

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Treatment time limit for successful weaning from veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock

Abstract Aims Knowing the upper time limit for successful weaning from temporary mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic shock will help with decision‐making regarding advanced heart failure (HF) therapy or considering..

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Preoperative vascular dysfunction is associated with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery

Abstract Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) results in poor prognosis. Several risk factors for CSA-AKI have been reported, including preoperative creatinine level, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and perioperative blood pressure..

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The Renal Effect of 20% Human Albumin Solution Fluid Bolus Therapy in Patients After Cardiac Surgery. A Secondary Analysis of…

Abstract Objective To compare the effects of fluid bolus therapy (FBT) with 20% albumin to crystalloid FBT on the incidence of cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) and its severity..

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Combining cardiac and renal biomarkers to establish a clinical early prediction model for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: a prospective…

Abstract Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a prevalent complication with poor outcomes, and its early prediction remains a challenging task. Currently available biomarkers for acute kidney injury (AKI)..

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Platelet proteomics: Clinical implications – Decoding the black box!

Abstract Platelets are anucleate blood cells traditionally associated with hemostasis but now increasingly recognized for their multifaceted roles in immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair. Advances in platelet proteomics, employing high-throughput..

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The Potential Role of Albumin in Reducing Cardiac Surgery–Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Objectives Cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common complication with high morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to determine whether adding human albumin to the cardiopulmonary..

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Prebypass Critical Closing Pressure Predicts Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract Objectives Optimal blood pressure goals during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remain uncertain and new metrics to individualize perfusion targets are needed. Critical closing pressure (Pcrit) is a fundamental property of..

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Development of and recovery from acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: Randomized phase 2 trial of the hepatocyte growth factor…

Abstract Objectives To investigate the safety and efficacy of ANG-3777, a hepatocyte growth factor mimetic, in mitigating the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with..

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Effects of pulsatile flow on postoperative recovery in adult cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: A systematic review and meta-analysis of…

Abstract Background The role of pulsatile versus non-pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is still in debate. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively assess the impact of pulsatile versus non-pulsatile..

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Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery: A Review of Our Current Understanding

Abstract Around one-quarter of all patients undergoing cardiac procedures, particularly those on cardiopulmonary bypass, develop cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). This complication increases the risk of several serious morbidities..

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Near-infrared spectroscopy combined with vascular occlusion test to predict acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective observational…

Abstract Background Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) enables a non-invasive measurement of tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) in regions illuminated by near-infrared lights. Vascular occlusion test (VOT) serves as a model to artificially..

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Acute kidney injury

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, heterogeneous, multifactorial condition, which is part of the overarching syndrome of acute kidney diseases and disorders. This condition's incidence highest in low-income..

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Preoperative Serum Ferritin Level and Acute Kidney Injury after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant complication in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Iron metabolism-related indicators such as ferritin may predict AKI after adult cardiac surgery. However, it..

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Amino Acid Infusion for Kidney Protection in Cardiac Surgery Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Secondary Analysis of the PROTECTION…

Abstract Background:  In the PROTECTION trial, intravenous amino acids (AA) decreased the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiac surgery patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Recruitment of renal functional..

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Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery With Combined Arterial and Venous Intrarenal Doppler

Abstract Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in up to 50% of cardiac surgical patients and is often hemodynamically mediated. Point-of-care ultrasound is a non-invasive tool that has the potential..

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Establishing Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery in a Developing Country: A Five-Year Experience at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Pakistan

Abstract Background The adoption of minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has increased over the past 25 to 30 years, driven by advancements in technology and a growing understanding of its..

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The course of plasma alpha-1-microglobulin and haemolysis during cardiac surgery and the relationship to acute kidney injury, a pilot study

Abstract Haemolysis occurring during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is assumed to be a risk factor for postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). Plasma alpha-1 microglobulin (A1M) may have a..

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Intraoperative Use of Sodium Bicarbonate Ringer’s Solution Instead of Sodium Lactate Ringer’s Solution to Reduce Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation and Improve…

Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution (BRS) on the degradation of endothelial glycocalyx components in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery, and to evaluate..

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