Yearly Archives: 2025

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Neuron-Specific Enolase and S100B as Biomarkers of Ischemic Brain Injury During Surgery

Abstract Biochemical markers can be used in addition to neuroimaging techniques to evaluate the extent of ischemic brain injuries and to enable earlier diagnosis and faster intervention following the ischemic..

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Factors Influencing Recirculation in Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Insights From a Controlled Bench Study

Abstract This study investigated factors influencing recirculation in veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) using a controlled bench model comprising a VV ECMO circuit and a mock circulatory loop with..

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State-of-the-Art Review: Advantages and Disadvantages of Femoral Versus Central Cannulation

Abstract The choice of cannulation technique for cardiopulmonary bypass remains a critical decision in cardiac surgery with direct consequences for intraoperative management and patient outcomes. Central and femoral cannulation represent..

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Probiotic mitigates gut hypoperfusion-associated acute gastrointestinal injury in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative probiotic supplementation on the incidence of..

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Fine-Mapping the Association of Acute Kidney Injury With Mean Arterial and Central Venous Pressures During Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Abstract BACKGROUND:  Prior studies identified thresholds for mean arterial pressure (MAP <65 mm Hg) and central venous pressure (CVP >12 mm Hg) beyond which risk for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney..

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Near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor cerebral and renal oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for paediatric congenital heart disease: study protocol…

Abstract Background Current indicators for monitoring intraoperative organ function remain predominantly indirect, delayed and non-specific, particularly in paediatric populations undergoing congenital heart surgery, where multifactorial influences further complicate functional assessments. Emerging..

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Association of early perioperative stroke after cardiothoracic surgery with intraoperative regional cerebral oxygenation using near-infrared spectroscopy: an observational cohort study…

Abstract Purpose Patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery are at risk of developing perioperative stroke, but residual effects of anesthesia may hamper timely detection. This study aims to determine if there is..

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Maintaining ventilation with very low tidal volume and positive-end expiratory pressure versus no ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery…

Abstract Purpose Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery mechanically circulates and oxygenates the blood, bypassing the heart and lungs. Despite limited evidence, maintaining mechanical ventilation (MV) during CPB is recommended,..

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Long-Term Functional Outcomes in the First 12 Months After VA-ECMO in Adult Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter Study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Long-term outcomes and quality of life have been identified as core patient-centered outcomes for venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) research. The aim of this study is to investigate..

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Infectious diseases and infection control prevention strategies in adult and pediatric population on ECMO

Abstract As survival after ECMO improves and use of ECMO support increases in both pediatric and adult population, there is a need to focus on both the morbidities and complications..

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Pre-hospital ECPR for Refractory Cardiac Arrest – The PRECARE pilot feasibility study

Abstract Background Survival from refractory out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) treated with conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) remains low. Extracorporeal cardiac resuscitation (ECPR) is increasingly be utilised in refractory OHCA,..

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Thrombus Migration Resulting From Cessation of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Flow in a Patient With Left Ventricular Thrombus

Introduction Left ventricular (LV) thrombus formation is a known complication associated with acute myocardial infarction and other conditions that impair LV function, carrying a risk for systemic embolization., In this report,..

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A robust analysis of alternate methods for estimating blood volume

Abstract Aim This study evaluates the accuracy of a newly derived blood volume estimation formula based on the Boer equation for lean body mass, comparing its performance against the Nadler,..

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Factors Affecting the Time to Postoperative Recovery of Consciousness in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Retrospective Study

Abstract Introduction: The causes of delayed recovery of consciousness from anesthesia after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass are diverse and often related to multiple factors. This study investigated the factors..

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Impact of Point-of-care allogeneic red blood cell washing on markers of transfusion-related respiratory complications: A phase II randomized clinical trial

Abstract Background:  Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) and transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) are leading causes of transfusion-related morbidity and mortality. Soluble factors in red blood cell (RBC) supernatant may increase..

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Comparison of Three Mathematical Models of the Pharmacokinetics of Heparin to Guide the Use of Protamine in a Large Simulated…

Abstract Background: In cardiac surgery, protamine is used to reverse the effects of heparin after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Excess of protamine has been demonstrated to cause platelet dysfunction and..

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The impact of arterial cannulation strategy on carotid perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass: A computational fluid dynamics analysis from the perspective…

Abstract Introduction: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is utilized during cardiovascular surgery to maintain organ oxygen supply and blood perfusion instead of cardiopulmonary function. Three primary methods of artery cannulation used for CPB..

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Frontoparietal and temporal brain alterations post-cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract Patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) often experience neurological complications, but the neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study combined resting-state fMRI, structural MRI, and cognitive testing to examine brain changes..

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Pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass using a centrifugal pump reduces acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a propensity score-matched analysis

Abstract Objective Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects approximately 30% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with conventional non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Pulsatile flow has long been proposed for mitigating this complication...

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Kidney protection during surgery on the thoracoabdominal aorta: a systematic review

Abstract OBJECTIVES Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common consequence of surgical repair of the thoraco-abdominal aorta (TAA). Perfusion techniques aim to facilitate renal protection through oxygenation or hypothermia. This..

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Impact of prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass on gastrointestinal complications in cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal complications (GICs) following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) significantly impact postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes. Methods This single-center, retrospective cohort study evaluated the incidence, risk factors,..

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Thrombin Generation in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients, a Prospective Single-center Cohort Study

Abstract Background:  The objective of this study was to describe thrombin generation in children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Change in the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) across three..

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Impact of cardiopulmonary bypass flow on the lower limit of cerebral autoregulation during cardiac surgery: a randomized cross-over pilot study

Abstract Assessment of cerebral autoregulation is challenging under different hemodynamic conditions during cardiac surgery and must be rapidly calculated in order to optimize mean arterial pressure (MAP). Whether systemic flow..

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Humoral and Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Abstract Evaluating the impact of cardiac surgery on humoral and cellular immunity in pediatric congenital heart disease patients with prior Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or vaccination..

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Implementation of a goal directed perfusion strategy to reduce cardiac surgery associated kidney injury: A before and after study

Abstract Purpose Cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a frequent and severe complication. Goal Directed Perfusion (GDP) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been developed to reduce post-operative complications,..

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Quality control and maintenance of intraoperative cell salvage instruments

Abstract Objectives Intraoperative cell salvage (ICS) is broadly used in high-risk surgical procedures to facilitate rapid autologous red blood cell transfusion, minimizing the need for allogeneic blood and its associated..

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How Would We Prevent Our Own Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery?

Abstract Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common complication after cardiac surgery affecting up to 40% leading to increased morbidity and mortality. To date, there is no specific treatment for..

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Perioperative Normoxia versus Hyperoxia in Neonates with Cyanotic Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract BACKGROUND Exposure to supra-physiologic levels of oxygen has been associated with end-organ damage and worse outcomes across multiple populations related to oxidative stress and inflammation. There is limited evidence..

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Perfusionists, Surgeons, and Anesthesiologists: A History of Successful Multidisciplinary Collaboration: What's Next?

Abstract Licensure in medicine originated in London when a small group of physicians led by the scholar Thomas Linacre petitioned King Henry VIII to establish a college of physicians on..

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Outcomes after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest: does quality of CPR matter?

Abstract Background ECPR patients who receive guideline-compliant CPR will have improved survival to hospital discharge (SHD) compared to patients who do not receive guideline-compliant CPR, regardless of CPR duration. Methods..

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