Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum (LHIS)

Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum (LHIS) is a benign cardiac mass characterised as a non-encapsulated mass of fatty tissue that infiltrates the atrial septum.
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Although once described as a relatively rare finding, with the widespread use of echocardiography lipomatous hypertrophy is now being increasingly recognised and should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis for any atrial cardiac tumour.
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As most patients with this condition remain asymptomatic, the majority of cases are generally picked up as an incidental finding at the time of cardiac imaging, surgery or necropsy.
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It is typically detected in patients older than 50 years and is more common in women. It is characterised by the excessive deposition of fat in the interatrial septum.