Moderate Versus Deep Hypothermia in Type A Acute Aortic Dissection Repair: Insights from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection
Abstract
Background
The optimal strategy for cerebral protection during repair of type A acute aortic dissection has yet to be determined. We sought to determine the impact of differing degrees of hypothermia in patients undergoing acute dissection repair.
Methods
All patients in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection Interventional Cohort database who underwent type A acute aortic dissection repair between 2010 and 2018 were identified. Data for operative temperature were available for 1962 patients subsequently divided into 2 groups according to lowest temperature: moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest (MHCA) (20-28°C) versus deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) (<20°C). We then propensity matched 362 pairs of patients and analyzed operative data and short-term outcomes.
Results
The median lowest temperature was 25.0°C in the matched MHCA group as compared with 18.0°C in the DHCA group. For the entire cohort of 1962 patients, in-hospital mortality was 14.2% (278 deaths) but was not significantly different between DHCA and MHCA. The perioperative stroke rate was comparable between groups, before and after propensity matching. Circulatory arrest times were significantly longer in the MHCA cohort, regardless of matching. Use of antegrade or retrograde cerebral perfusion was similar in matched groups. There were no differences in 30-day survival or in other major postoperative morbidity between the 2 matched cohorts.
Conclusions
A surgical strategy of MHCA + antegrade cerebral perfusion is at least as safe as DHCA during repair of acute type A aortic dissection.